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NZ is taking aim at feral cats. Are we ready for the ethical and practical implications?

Source: The Conversation (Au and NZ) – By Courtney Addison, Senior Lecturer, School of Science in Society, Te Herenga Waka — Victoria University of Wellington

Catherine Falls Commercial/Getty Images

Conservationists have long anticipated the recent announcement that the national effort to eradicate possums, stoats and rats will now include feral cats.

But the government’s decision steers New Zealand’s Predator Free 2050 mission into potentially fractious territory.

It suggests conservation messaging has effectively recast wild-living cats as predators. In doing so, they become the kind of problem that can be solved through the conventional logic of pest control.

The new policy rests on a crucial distinction between feral cats and others, and hinges on their degree of human attachment. A feral cat has no human relationships, while domestic and stray cats have greater involvement in human worlds.

Legally, feral cats are already classified as pests and research suggests this designation is broadly accepted. But as one pest control operator recently told me, even a pet cat in a cage looks and acts feral if it is trapped and afraid.

Conversely, stray and feral cats are often re-homed and made into loving companions. Indeed, cats show remarkable behavioural flexibility – a reminder that deterministic assumptions about species can be risky.

Making feral cats a target species also reflects culture change in real time. There is nothing “natural” about which animals we choose to kill and which we choose to protect.

Although some species’ deaths are widely normalised – think of the few animals we kill in their millions for food – that sense of normality is shaped by deliberate efforts to frame certain animals in particular ways.

As several commentators have noted, the idea of eradicating cats caused public dismay only a decade ago. Today, it is not only thinkable, but doable.

How cats became Predator Free’s next target

The culture shift is likely due to several things, possibly including a growing confidence in the Predator Free mission, careful coalition building by the National Cat Management Group, and a wave of research into cats’ ecological impacts.

We have also heard sustained and strategic messaging from Predator Free that describes cats as “among the most devastating predators in Aotearoa”.

But feline flexibility – cats’ ability to be both a smoochy pet and a stealthy killer, potentially both over the course of a lifetime or even a day – might also be cause for caution.

At a recent Predator Free hui, for instance, one volunteer asked for tips on what to do with a trapped cat. The cautionary response was that the cat might be shot or possibly bludgeoned. (The Animal Welfare Act prohibits drowning because of its cruelty.)

This is quite different from the trapping methods mainly used now, and from the kinds of lethal actions volunteer trappers normally carry out.

Current guidelines say kill traps should only be used in very remote areas; everywhere else, live-capture cage traps are the only option. The result, as you’d expect, is a live, enclosed cat.

Kill traps that meet National Animal Welfare Advisory Committee standards are a kind of “moral delegate”. They remove some of the ethical complexity from the act of killing and make the job more straightforward.

Killing live-trapped cats could instead invite a degree of moral reflection –perhaps even prompt a wider conversation about animal welfare.

Predator Free 2050’s 2020 strategy made no mention of animal welfare, beyond citing the Animal Welfare Act. And its latest research strategy is similarly focused elsewhere.

But the addition of feral cats to the official predator list is an opportunity to engage with these difficult questions. Should anyone be able to kill a trapped cat? What standards and protocols might be necessary?

The cultural catch with cats

It’s easy to see why welfare has not been front and centre of pest control conversations to date.

Until now, the Predator Free 2050 target species have been firm cultural outcasts, regarded as an ecological problem and laden with unfavourable symbolic associations. Cats, even feral ones, are a different beast.

Rather than being associated with viciousness, dirtiness and overpopulation like many other pests, cats are more commonly associated with companionship and cuteness.

Even their hunting skills have historically been a source of value and appreciation, as testified by the use of cats as “ratters” in workplaces, homes and ships.

Although only feral cats fall under the Predator Free remit, their domestic counterparts are already part of the conversation as well.

For example, the multi-stakeholder National Cat Management Group is proposing a National Cat Management Act as part of a broader, welfare-oriented cat strategy that encompasses feral, stray and companion animals.

This too raises questions about what kinds of social creatures we think cats are, or want them to be. Should they become family members who stay in the home? Or do people want cities and neighbourhoods where they encounter cats as well as birds in public spaces?

And what about us? What kind of “cat people” are we?

The Conversation

Courtney Addison is currently funded through the Royal Society Te Apārangi’s Marsden Fast Start fund.

ref. NZ is taking aim at feral cats. Are we ready for the ethical and practical implications? – https://theconversation.com/nz-is-taking-aim-at-feral-cats-are-we-ready-for-the-ethical-and-practical-implications-270885

Copper theft is hitting building sites, street lights – and now phones. How do we stop it?

Source: The Conversation (Au and NZ) – By Terry Goldsworthy, Associate Professor in Criminal Justice and Criminology, Bond University

Liz Minchin/The Conversation, CC BY

From causing a major phone outage to shutting down street lights across parks, suburbs and roads, copper theft has become a clear public safety risk.

Last week, Optus said a phone and mobile data outage that affected more than 14,000 people across south-east Melbourne was triggered by thieves trying to steal copper – and accidentally cutting the wrong cable.

Across the border, last month the South Australia government introduced a bill to crack down on scrap metal theft, particularly copper. That followed more than 2,000 scrap metal thefts from building sites in 2023-24, costing an estimated A$70 million a year – just in one state.

But why are people stealing copper? And what’s being done to stop it?

Why copper is so attractive to thieves

Copper theft has become a multi-billion problem worldwide. In Australia, thieves have recently gone as far as stealing copper memorial plaques from cemeteries.

Back in 2011, an Australian Institute of Criminology tipsheet described scrap metal theft as

a lucrative and attractive venture for thieves and a significant issue for the construction industry.

Scrap metal theft covers a range of metals including copper, steel, lead and aluminium. For instance, catalytic converters are sometimes stolen from cars so criminals can access the palladium, rhodium and platinum in them.

Overseas, a 2024 report found metal theft was costing the United Kingdom’s economy around £480 million (A$970 million) a year.

Scrap metals are among the world’s most recycled materials because of their wide availability. They can be sold to a scrap metal dealer, who then arranges for the metal to be melted and moulded for different uses.

Copper can be recycled again and again, without degrading in the process.

How rising copper prices can drive up thefts

A 2022 systematic review of how changing prices affect the rates of theft for different goods found a 1% increase in the price of a metal can be associated with a 1.2% increase in its theft.

Other past research has also shown that link. For instance, a 2014 UK study showed changes in the price of copper led to more recorded thefts of copper cable from British railways between 2006 and 2012.

The price of copper crashed in 2017 due to factors including a Chinese ban on scrap copper imports. But it has been rising again over the last five years, making it a more attractive target for criminals looking for a quick profit.

Australia’s patchwork response to costly thefts

Police have different powers in different states to tackle copper theft. And this lack of national coordination is part of the problem, as a 2023 Queensland inquiry found.

New South Wales first introduced a Scrap Metal Industry Act in 2016 to target its “largely unregulated and undocumented” scrap metal trade, which it said was “extremely attractive to criminals as a way to make some quick cash”. NSW also tightened its rules and penalties last year.

Victorian scrap metal businesses must also be registered, though under different rules. As in NSW, they’re banned from paying or receiving cash for scrap metal.

Last month, South Australia passed its Scrap Metal Dealers Bill, though it’s yet to come into force. It will give new powers to authorised officers to search, seize and remove evidence – aiming to make it harder to trade in stolen scrap metal.

In Queensland, during the 2024 election campaign, the Liberal National leader (now premier) David Crisafulli promised a legislative crackdown on metal theft.

That’s yet to happen. But the LNP government told the ABC last month it was “committed to cracking down on metal theft and is progressing that work”.

Copper theft has been costing Queensland’s state-owned electricity distribution operators about $4.5 million every year – prompting them to replace thousands of kilometres in underground and overhead copper cabling across southeast Queensland with less valuable aluminium.

A 2023 Queensland parliamentary committee inquiry into scrap metal theft heard that about 200 to 250 scrap metal and car wrecker businesses in Queensland had been operating illegally for years.

The inquiry concluded:

a coordinated approach by all Australian jurisdictions is the best method for combating scrap metal theft. For example, we have heard that stolen goods may be transported and sold interstate. Additionally, we have heard from industry stakeholders that stolen goods are being exported in shipping containers to international destinations where regulations are less prohibitive than in Australia.

Until we get a more coordinated approach, we can all play a role in stopping public thefts of scrap metal, particularly copper.

If you see someone acting suspiciously near electricity infrastructure or a building site, you can report it to police in your state or territory by calling 131 444.

The Conversation

Before joining Bond University, Dr Terry Goldsworthy served with the Queensland Police for 28 years, up to Detective Inspector, from 1985–2013.

ref. Copper theft is hitting building sites, street lights – and now phones. How do we stop it? – https://theconversation.com/copper-theft-is-hitting-building-sites-street-lights-and-now-phones-how-do-we-stop-it-270781

Principal of school at centre of mouldy school lunch fiasco hurt by David Seymour’s comments

Source: Radio New Zealand

This story has been updated to reflect that Compass Group is still on the list of providers chosen to provide lunches to high schools, intermediate schools, and comprehensive schools in 2026.

The principal of a school which served up a contaminated meal from the government’s free school lunches programmes says she’s hurt by David Seymour’s comments against her.

The School Lunch Collective told RNZ it was investigating a “food quality issue” after mouldy mince was served up to students at Haeata Community Campus on Monday.

The Collective represents Compass Group, which was contracted to provide government-funded lunches for the Christchurch school.

David Seymour, who is the Associate Education Minister, spoke to First Up about the lunches on Tuesday morning, and accused the school’s principal Peggy Burrows, of being a “media frequent flyer”.

“It will be investigated but I also note this particular principal is a frequent flyer in the media complaining about quite a range of government policies… I think people need that context.”

In response, Burrows said she refused to get involved in a public stoush but added: “I am an educationist, not a politician. I am here to advocate for this community”.

“I must admit I was a little bit hurt to be described in that matter from a person who holds a significant portfolio in education and is, at the moment, the deputy prime minister,” she said.

“I don’t think I’ve ever met Mr Seymour personally or had a conversation with him.”

Haeata Community Campus cafe staff member Elise Darbyshire (left) and principal Peggy Burrows (right).

Haeata Community Campus cafe staff member Elise Darbyshire (left) and principal Peggy Burrows (right). Photo: ADAM BURNS / RNZ

Burrows said children were wary of the lunches, with several students telling RNZ they had been put off trying the meals again.

Year six student Emily said Monday’s lunches looked “liquidy” and she saw something mysterious and green.

“It makes me feel disgusted and gross,” she said.

Another year six student Tamara said she did not feel like eating a school lunch.

“They just put me off after hearing some have a kind of food poisoning or stuff in them,” she said.

“You’d think if they are going give us free meals they would give you good quality meals that aren’t going to make you sick.”

Year 9 student Alani said she usually ate the lunches if she was hungry, but declared she would never eat them again no matter how starving she was.

Year 7 student Bridie was not been put off the lunches, but said it was clear that many of her classmates were giving them a miss when she took a meal of butter chicken on Tuesday.

“Other people were staring at me, they were like, ‘oh look at her she’s taking a lunch’. My friends were like, ‘Bridie don’t, don’t’, but I ate it and then other people started grabbing them,” she said.

Burrows said there had been no jump in absences and no reports of children needing to treatment for food poisoning.

New Zealand Food Safety officers visited the school on Tuesday, along with representatives from Compass Group, which was contracted to provide government-funded school lunches.

Burrows said ready-to-eat food was delivered daily around 10am by Compass and Compass took away all left-over food and packaging at the end of the day.

“We have absolutely no responsibility for what happened. We’re not shying away from the fact that it has happened but it sits fairly and squarely with Compass,” she said.

MPI involved

The Ministry of Primary Industries (MPI), confirmed it would carry out checks of lunches at the school on Tuesday.

Food safety said it was working with the Ministry of Education and the National Public Health Service to establish the facts.

It said there was no evidence of any wider food safety issue at this stage.

New Zealand Food Safety deputy director-general Vincent Arbuckle said an investigation had begun.

“We are working with the Ministry of Education and the National Public Health Service to establish the facts. There is no evidence at this stage of any wider food safety issue,” he said.

Child unwell

The mother of a girl who ate one of the mouldy lunches said she was “appalled” by the situation and her daughter was now unwell.

Rebecca Mckenzie, told Morning Report, her 12-year-old daughter Aurora, ate one of the meals on Monday and was now unwell.

“She is not looking good at the moment. She has a very queasy tummy and a temperature of 39, looking really quite sick, I’ll be ringing my doctor once it’s open.”

Mckenzie said her daughter had eaten just over half of the meal before throwing it out.

“She said her one didn’t look mouldy but it tasted very disgusting. She said it looked very undercooked which is quite normal with what they get served there.

“We rely on these meals and to have this is absolutely appalling, but unfortunately David Seymour wanted to cut the budget back and give us these not so nice meals.”

Earlier this year, the principal of the Christchurch school asked to get out of a contract with Compass Group following several weeks of problems and “disappointing” service, but this was denied by the government.

Compass was not included on a list of providers chosen by the government to provide primary school lunches in 2026, but associate education minister David Seymour told First Up that Compass would continue to provide lunches to high schools, intermediate schools, and comprehensive schools.

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– Published by EveningReport.nz and AsiaPacificReport.nz, see: MIL OSI in partnership with Radio New Zealand

Police to audit internet use of every senior officer after Jevon McSkimming scandal

Source: Radio New Zealand

Police will be auditing internet usage of the most senior police officers in the country over the last 12 months, starting with the Police Commissioner, RNZ can reveal.

It comes as Commissioner Richard Chambers says he’s asked for a “closer look” at the Independent Police Conduct Authority’s (IPCA) scathing report released last month to see whether there’s anything from a “criminal liability perspective”.

Chambers sat down with RNZ on Tuesday to discuss his first-year in the job.

RNZ recently reported that 17 staff are under investigation in relation to “misuse and inappropriate content”. Three of the staff are facing criminal investigations.

It follows an audit of staff internet usage sparked by the resignation of former Deputy Police Commissioner Jevon McSkimming, who recently pleaded guilty to possessing objectionable publications, including child sexual exploitation and bestiality over a four-year period.

Asked about the number of staff under investigation, Chambers said it was “disappointing, and it falls well short of expectations”.

“We have a code of conduct for a reason. If any of that behaviour is found to be criminal, we’ll take action. But those audits came about because I decided that we needed to put in place systems and processes and audits to ensure that we identified any inappropriate behaviour.”

Former Deputy Commissioner Jevon McSkimming. RNZ / Mark Papalii

Chambers referenced one of the recommendations in the IPCA report, which was to “sustain the good progress” on implementing recommendations from the rapid review into police information security controls and implement a practice of auditing the systems’ use by those officers being considered for promotion to the ranks of, at least, superintendent and above as well as staff with security clearances.

Chambers said he was going “one step further”.

“As an executive leadership team recently, we decided that actually we’re going to step beyond the people that are applying for promotional opportunities, and we’re going to have a look anyway.

“So, one of the things that we have decided to do, and I’ve communicated this out, is that for Deputy Commissioner, Assistant Commissioner, District Commanders and Directors, we are going to have a look at internet access over the last 12 months, because that’s the right thing to do. We have to be confident that at the senior levels of the organisation, Superintendent and above that, there’s nothing to see here, nothing untoward.”

Chambers said police were prioritising the checks.

“So, I’ve said you can start with me, and then those that are in the process to apply for other leadership roles, which we’ve had recently, Assistant Commissioner and also District Commander roles advertise so applicants for those senior roles.

“We are running checks now and then I’m hopeful, probably after Christmas, we will get the capacity to run the rest through whether they are sworn superintendent or civilian equivalents, and above. We will run them all through as quickly as we can.”

The IPCA concluded that once a decision was made in October 2024 to launch a proper investigation into allegations of sexual offending by McSkimming ,senior officers, including former Commissioner Andrew Coster, “attempted to shape its approach so as to bring it to a rapid and premature conclusion”.

They did not find any “collusion”, rather a “consistent pattern of behaviour driven by a common mindset and perspective”.

This, the IPCA said, were concerns that it could end with “unjustified victimisation of the Deputy Commissioner”.

Asked whether there needed to be further investigations into the conduct of the senior staff members, Chambers said he had asked a Detective Superintendent to take a “close look” at the IPCA report and provide advice on whether or not there there was any matter “that needs to be looked at from a criminal liability perspective”.

“Anything that’s remotely appears to be criminal offending is serious, but it may or may not be the case, but I need to let some of my most senior investigators who are very, very good at what they do, let them do their job and provide advice to me, which I will then take on board,” he said.

“It’s how close is some of that activity that we know through the investigations and the IPCA report, how close is some of that activity potential judicial processes that’s what we’ll look at and I’ll let my investigators do their job and then provide guidance to me.”

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– Published by EveningReport.nz and AsiaPacificReport.nz, see: MIL OSI in partnership with Radio New Zealand

Has the freedom of ‘hybrid work’ made us happier?

Source: Radio New Zealand

Has flexible, remote work made mahi more fun and has the freedom made us happier?

The nine to five has changed a lot of recent years, with Covid forcing some business to adapt to working from a home.

But it’s not without its challenges. How do you read the room when no one is physically in it? Did that colleague’s chat message have a tone?

Barbara Plester

Supplied

Temperatures in a patch of Antarctic moss can vary as much as an entire mountain range

Source: The Conversation (Au and NZ) – By Krystal Randall, Postdoctoral Research Fellow, School of Earth, Atmospheric and Life Sciences, University of Wollongong

Krystal Randall

If you were to wander along the parts of Antarctica that are ice-free, you might be surprised to see something soft and luxurious growing right at your feet: deep green carpets of moss that look like draped green velvet nestled between rocks.

These moss beds, often called the “Daintree of Antarctica”, are like miniature forests.

From above, these velvet-like carpets rise and fall in gentle curves, forming a brain-like structure of miniature ridges and valleys. Up close, countless tiny shoots packed tightly together make the moss appear plush, with tiny green leaves catching the light.

What you can’t see – but might be able to feel – are the huge variations in temperature in these moss beds. In fact, as new research I led, published in Global Ecology and Biogeography, shows, one small patch of moss in Antarctica can create as much temperature variation as an entire mountain range elsewhere on the planet.

This discovery reveals how small-scale terrain shapes life in extreme environments – and why Antarctic heatwaves could threaten these fragile ecosystems.

Long-term declines

Field observations have shown that moss beds in East Antarctica are changing.

Long-term declines in moss health closely follow the spatial structure of the miniature ridges and valleys within the moss beds – or, in technical terms, the “micro-topography”.

Mosses living in the valleys have remained consistently healthy. This is shown by their vibrant green colour. However, mosses growing on ridges are more likely to become stressed and eventually die.

Our new research offers an explanation for why this is happening.

Measuring and modelling mosses

Over three research expeditions, colleagues and I spent time camping on a remote island in the Maritime Antarctic region below South America, and stayed at Australia’s Casey Station in East Antarctica, approximately 3,800 kilometres south of Perth.

Both regions, on opposite sides of Antarctica, have experienced different climatic changes in recent decades. The former has warmed, while the latter has become windier and drier.

However, both regions host expansive and ecologically significant moss beds.

To understand what’s driving biological patterns at the moss micro-scale, we placed a series of tiny sensors at different positions throughout the moss beds. We also collected imagery to generate high resolution digital models of the moss surface.

Specific features of the moss surface were derived from the models, such as vertical elevation, slope angles and direction angles. These features were used in mathematical models of solar radiation, telling us how much light the moss surface receives each day and how this differs based on a moss’s position within the moss bed.




Read more:
Photos from the field: spying on Antarctic moss using drones, MossCam, smart sensors and AI


From a moss bed to a mountain range

We found that Antarctic mosses create their own miniature climates, and these can vary dramatically in a single square metre.

Mosses living just centimetres apart can differ by 15°C in their daily maximum temperatures and by more than 2°C in their average temperatures over the growing season.

Some micro-scale positions in the moss bed heat rapidly in sunlight, reaching nearly 30°C despite freezing air temperatures, while neighbouring patches may never rise above 10°C.

To illustrate how extreme this is, we compared these moss-scale differences to land surface temperatures from mountainous regions worldwide. The temperature range within a single square-metre moss patch was equivalent to the change you’d experience by climbing one to two kilometres up a mountain.

In other words: a moss bed the size of a coffee table can contain as much thermal variation as an entire mountain range.

These differences are caused by a range of factors, including complex interactions between moss micro-topography and seasonal shifts in the sun’s elevation angle. In some locations in the moss beds, heat released from surrounding mosses can be trapped, which adds to the warming.

Tiny ridges were the warmest places for mosses to live in January. But these became the coldest in February as lower solar angles favoured steep slopes between ridges and valleys.

Ridges also experienced the most dramatic daily swings, with heating well above air temperature followed by rapid freezing – conditions that are stressful for plants. In contrast, mosses in small, sheltered valleys remained shaded. But these consistently had the warmest and most stable temperatures, showing that trapped heat released by surrounding mosses can outweigh direct sunlight.

Mosses are reaching their limit

Understanding this fine-scale complexity is crucial for predicting how Antarctic mosses will respond to climate change and the growing risk of heatwaves.

This matters most for mosses living at the cold limits of life, as temperature controls when they can photosynthesise and grow. Mosses must warm up to stay active in freezing conditions, but they also begin to experience physiological stress above about 30°C.

We found that mosses in the warmest micro-habitats are already approaching this threshold. The same warming ability that helps them survive the cold may soon become a liability under increased warming and heatwave events, where air temperatures up to 18°C in Maritime Antarctica and 9°C in East Antarctica have already occurred.

In a landscape dominated by ice, Antarctica’s moss beds remind us that life persists through subtle strategies. But our work shows that plants living in coldest places on Earth could be approaching their heat limits.

As Antarctic heatwaves become more common, the strategies that once benefited them could instead push them beyond their limits, and a mosses position within the moss bed will likely influence how these events impact them.

Krystal Randall is a research fellow in the School of Science at the University of Wollongong (UOW). She is a member of the Environmental Futures research centre at UOW. Krystal has previously received funding from the Antarctic Science Foundation and currently receives funding from Securing Antarctica’s Environmental Future (SAEF), an Australian Research Council (ARC) Special Research Initiative (SRI).

ref. Temperatures in a patch of Antarctic moss can vary as much as an entire mountain range – https://theconversation.com/temperatures-in-a-patch-of-antarctic-moss-can-vary-as-much-as-an-entire-mountain-range-269801

Virginity testing harming women in New Zealand – researcher

Source: Radio New Zealand

The Helen Clark Foundation is is calling for better laws to protect victims of sexual violence in New Zealand, including eradicating virginity testing. 123rf.com

Researchers say the practice of virginity testing is happening in New Zealand and it’s harming women.

The Helen Clark Foundation is calling for urgent law changes to better protect victims of sexual violence and reduce offending rates.

The think tank’s report, Addressing Sexual Violence in New Zealand, makes a number of recommendations, including adopting a clearer definition of consent in law, banning sexually explicit deepfake abuse, and eradicating virginity testing.

Researcher Sophia Harré said they did not know the extent of the practice in New Zealand but were concerned it is happening in some communities.

“There have been cases where medical professionals have been approached to conduct the proceedure and they’ve declined. We’ve heard talk that it might be happening by family members in community.”

She said virginity testing was when a woman or girl is subjected to a physical inspection of their hymen, while virginity policing involved checking for blood after sexual intercourse.

“These stem from myths around hymens that they will bleed or will be damaged when sexual contact occurs, these are incorrect.”

Harre said the practice was damaging, especially in cases involving sexual assault.

“It can have quite significant impacts on their position in society, it can impact their relationships, it can have consequences on their education and career opportunities later in life.”

Virginity testing is not illegal in New Zealand, and the UN has called on governments to ban the practice altogether and to carry out awareness campaigns.

The report recommends a number of steps in line with UN recommendations, including improved education for medical practitioners and legal professionals, research to inform community-led interventions, and legislation to ban virginity testing.

Labour’s Priyanca Radhakrishnan has lodged a members’ bill which seeks to amend the Crimes Act to criminalise virginity testing.

The proposed the Crimes (Virginity Testing Practices) Amendment Bill “seeks to protect vulnerable women and girls by amending the Crimes Act 1961 to introduce new offences that criminalise virginity testing and the related practice of hymenoplasty”.

Harré said the foundation supported the Bill as long as there was education and consultation for communities that may be practising virginity testing.

“There’s a risk that if we go really hard on legislation and ban it without having proper consultation with these communities that it could be driven further underground.”

Auckland clinical nurse specialist in family violence, Kathy Lowe, was interviewed for the foundation’s report and has been educating both medical professionals and communities about virginity testing for 30 years.

“For me it’s not a women’s issue it’s human rights issue, it affects men and women. Imagine if we told men that they had virgin semen and the first time they lost it they weren’t a virgin any more and they had to go to a doctor to prove that they were still a virgin before they were allowed to be married,” she said.

“It doesn’t make sense and yet we’re still doing that to women.”

Lowe said it was not possible to tell by looking at a hymen whether somebody has had sex.

“The majority of people say the first time you have sex that bit of skin gets broken then you’re not a virgin anymore and that’s how we can tell whether somebody’s a virgin, by that piece of skin being broken,” she said.

“The hymen is not a skin, it’s not a membrane, it’s not a seal. It’s actually a collar of stretchy tissue just at the entrance of the vagina…when you’re born with a hymen, the hymen has a hole the middle of it, you are born with the hole.”

There is no data about the practice of virginity testing and Lowe said it was a taboo subject in many communities.

“I truly don’t know which cultures do this and don’t but I think every culture in New Zealand has a myth around virginity.”

She hears about the prevalence of it from nurses and doctors who are asked – and decline – to conduct such examinations.

Lowe said it was also unclear if the practice of hymenoplasty was still conducted. The last time she heard of a case was 2013.

“They get the edges of the [hymen’s] hole and they stitch it together so that when you do have sex you’re going to bleed for sure and it’s going to hurt like hell because it’s scar tissue. In their mind they think they’re making themselves a virgin again when in fact the hymen was never sealed to start with.”

– Published by EveningReport.nz and AsiaPacificReport.nz, see: MIL OSI in partnership with Radio New Zealand

Chronic methamphetamine use will cost us – emergency doctor

Source: Radio New Zealand

The consequences of chronic methamphetamine use are already visible in hospital wards, and it’s about to get worse, an emergency department doctor says.

Dr Paul Quigley told a symposium on reducing drug harm on Monday the country was facing an impending health crisis on par with smoking-related lung disease.

“We are seeing the chronic effects of drug use, that’s often in terms of mental health – so people developing ongoing forms of schizophrenia – [but] we are now seeing the hard effects of long-term methamphetamine use.

“We’re seeing people with cardiomyopathies, heart failure.” Dr Paul Quigley.

RNZ / Rebekah Parsons-King

Quigley told RNZ methamphetamine was particularly “cardio-toxic”, affecting the heart in two key ways through accelerated ageing and exhaustion.

He said the ageing heart meant heart disease was showing up 10 to 15 years earlier than expected.

“So we’re seeing people in their mid-40s who are regular methamphetamine users having heart attacks as if they’d be in their 60s.”

He said meth also increased people’s heart rate and blood pressure, and sustained use literally “exhausts the heart” resulting in cardiomyopathy (a type of heart failure) and in extreme cases, heart transplants.

Quigley said those most at risk of heart disease weren’t “your weekend warriors”, but almost daily methamphetamine users who’d been using for more than a decade.

He said data showed acute meth use in New Zealand was on the rise and the major concern was the impending burden on the healthcare system and society – a cost already seen in countries where meth use was high.

befunky.com

“You should look at this like smoking. People smoked in the 40s and 50s … then later we had this terrible burden of lung disease from the effects of smoking. And it’s going to be the same.

“If we have increased meth use now, we should be looking at, ‘Well, what’s going to happen in 10 to 15 years time?’

“We’re going to have this much larger population of patients with these heart conditions … and it’s affecting parts of our society that are already struggling,” he said.

“We’ve just got through the smoking crisis – in terms of lung disease is decreasing – but it’s just going to be replaced by this new disease.”

The Reducing Drug Harm in Aotearoa Symposium – hosted by the Public Health and Forensic Science Institute – featured a range of experts from the frontline of festival drug checking and wastewater analysis, to the police’s drug intelligence office and international experts on early warning systems for new and harmful drugs.

National Drug Intelligence Bureau analyst Kylie Collins spoke to current and emerging drug trends in New Zealand, highlighting a spike in meth consumption in July 2024 that almost doubled methamphetamine use nationally – and has continued.

Collins said the vast majority of New Zealand’s supply came from overseas and the increased use had coincided with a drop in price for the drug.

She said alongside increasing seizures of the drug, meth-related hospitalisations had also been on the rise.

“However, many hospitalisations stem from chronic or very heavy use. So with the recent increases in meth consumption we expect to see even bigger increases in hospitalisations in years to come.”

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Man charged after allegedly eating a pendant at an Auckland jewellers

Source: Radio New Zealand

The Fabergé locket was worth more than $33,500. SCREENSHOT

A man has been charged for allegedly swallowing a Fabergé locket worth more than $33,500 during a theft at a store in Auckland.

Police were called at 3.30pm last Friday to the store in the central city.

The 32-year-old man was accused of picking up a Fabergé James Bond Octopussy Egg pendant and swallowing it.

Court documents reveal the pendant was worth $33,585.

Do you know more? Email finn.blackwell@rnz.co.nz

An online listing for the locket said it had been crafted from 18ct yellow gold and set with 60 white diamonds and 15 blue sapphires.

A golden octopus inside the locket was set with two black diamonds for eyes.

Officers from the Auckland City Beat team were on the scene minutes later, and arrested the man, police confirmed.

He had been charged with theft, and was remanded in custody when he appeared in Auckland District Court last week, he was expected to reappear next Monday.

Police told RNZ the pendant had not yet been recovered.

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Tertiary institutions enrolling extra students to meet demand

Source: Radio New Zealand

RNZ / Richard Tindiller

The Tertiary Education Commission has taken the unusual step of giving multiple tertiary institutions permission to enrol extra students this year as they try to meet a boom in enrolments.

The commission’s chief executive, Tim Fowler, told Parliament’s Education and Workforce Select Committee institutions could enrol up to five percent more students than the government had agreed to fund them for.

“We have always set that as the outer boundary marker above which institutions cannot go without our permission, and it has been extremely rare for us to allow institutions to go above that in any year,” he said.

But Fowler said this year it allowed many more institutions to exceed the five percent limit and it would likely do the same next year.

He said an increase in the number of school-leavers had driven enrolments up across the entire tertiary sector, including polytechnics and private tertiary institutions.

But the number of people in workplace learning, such as apprenticeships, had dropped because many employers had less work and had chosen not to employ apprentices, Fowler said.

He said the number of people in work-based training dropped about 15 percent a year for three consecutive years.

Fowler said the government had provided sufficient funding for 99 percent of projected enrolments.

He said university enrolments rose four percent this year and only one of the eight institutions had enrolled fewer students than the commission had agreed to fund it for this year.

“What we’re mostly seeing is them over-delivering against their small budgeted deficits or small budgeted surpluses,” he said.

Fowler said university finances were constrained but only one was rated as “high risk” financially.

“We have two universities low-risk, we’ve got one high, one medium-high, and the rest medium,” he said.

Fowler said universities’ ability to deliver on capital spending was restricted and they were increasingly reliant on income from foreign students.

He said the institutions were generally managed and governed well.

Fowler said for years the commission had encouraged institutions to improve their students’ course and qualification completion rates and those figures were starting to improve.

He said the date for dissolving super-institute Te Pūkenga had been pushed out to the end of March 2027 because next year’s election could make it difficult to take the final steps necessary to wind it up at the end of 2026.

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Thunderstorms, hail and possible tornadoes forecast for North Island

Source: Radio New Zealand

Storm clouds over Queen Elizabeth Park in Kāpiti after a thunderstorm. Supplied/ Dan Bailey

The hot start to summer is expected to take a turn, with thunderstorms, hail and even a chance of tornados for the North Island.

MetService said an active low pressure system is expected to move onto central and northern New Zealand during Wednesday and move to the east of the country on Thursday. The system is expected to bring heavy rain with thunderstorms and strong winds.

MetService Meteorologist Devlin Lynden said there is a moderate risk for thunderstorms in the North Island bringing heavy rain, small hail and even a chance of small tornadoes.

Lynden said the conditions were the “right set-up” for small tornados, with tornadoes more likely to form in coastal areas of the North Island.

MetService has issued several weather warning and watches across the North Island.

Bay of Plenty has been issued an orange heavy rain warning for most of Wednesday, with up to 120mm of rain expected.

A heavy rain watch has been issued for Auckland, Waikato, central North Island, Taranaki, Wairarapa and Wellington for Wednesday.

A strong wind watch has been issued for Northland, Auckland, Wellington, Wairarapa, Taranaki, eastern areas of the Tararua District and Hawke’s Bay for Wednesday.

While the North Island may be in for the brunt of it, the South Island gets its share of rainy weather too.

The upper parts of the South Island may also see a period of heavier rain on Wednesday associated with the low to the north.

The low gradually moves off to the southeast on Wednesday night, and conditions will ease behind it, before starting to clear through Thursday morning, with many places seeing drier weather and some sunshine return.

However, strong to gale southwesterly winds will persist, particularly for Wellington, Wairarapa, Northland and Auckland; they will keep the temperatures capped towards the end of the week.

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‘A bit tired, a bit ratty’: Heated exchange between Willis and Labour MPs at Parliament

Source: Radio New Zealand

Finance Minister Nicola Willis. RNZ / Samuel Rillstone

Finance Minister Nicola Willis has labelled the conduct of Labour MPs “unbecoming” after a fiery Scrutiny Week appearance which saw accusations of name-calling and conspiracy-thinking.

Under questioning in the meeting, Willis also confirmed the government had no intention of buying offshore carbon credits to meet the 2030 Paris agreement as part of a “performative awards ceremony” even if that meant it would breach its commitment.

Christmas cheer?

From the meeting’s outset, the exchanges were heated. Labour’s finance spokesperson Barbara Edmonds asked Willis to explain why she claimed infrastructure spending was increasing despite that not being the case in the most recent financial statements.

Labour’s finance spokesperson Barbara Edmonds. RNZ / Samuel Rillstone

In response, Willis said the coalition had budgeted a record amount for public infrastructure over the next four years and finished with a dig at Labour.

“The last government was good at doing press releases, but not so good at getting shovels in the ground.”

Both Labour’s Deborah Russell and Megan Woods immediately objected: “Oh, that’s fine? It’s fine to take shots at the opposition? Anything’s on is it?”

The two sides also had a back-and-forth over a table in the Crown accounts which Willis claimed the Labour MPs had misinterpreted.

Again, it prompted a chorus of overlapping questions from the opposition: “Which table? Which table? What’s the table number? Which table, please? Which table?”

Labour MPs also openly laughed as Willis took credit for the more-than-7000 new built social homes since the election. Russell pushed Willis to confirm that those houses were funded under Labour’s previous Budgets.

“This is outrageous,” Woods said. “They cut the funding for housing and she’s claiming credit.”

Willis: “Everyone’s very excited today, Mr Chair. It’s the Christmas cheer, I suppose.”

The government and opposition side sparred over their respective fiscal strategies and records. Green MP Chlöe Swarbrick accused the coalition of “reckless cuts” and “a doom loop”.

Willis, meanwhile, took aim at Labour’s “disgraceful” increase in debt while in power.

“It was wrong for your government to increase spending dramatically right when the Reserve Bank was begging you to put on the brakes.”

Russell fired back: “That increased spending was, of course, backed by the National Party … [which] called for even more spending.”

Russell also asked Willis whether the government had changed the way the Emissions Trading Scheme operated in order to make its books look better.

“When you’re a conspiracy theorist, you see conspiracy everywhere,” Willis responded.

“Oh, for goodness sake. That’s a ridiculous thing to say,” Russell said. “When you can’t answer the question, you resort to insults.”

Speaking to reporters afterwards, Willis said she accepted the committees could be robust, but thought some of allegations levelled at her were “unbecoming”.

“They’re all a bit tired, a bit ratty,” Willis said. “In general, they behave better than that, but everyone has an off day.”

Climate change commitments

Green co-leader Chlöe Swarbrick also pressed Willis over whether the government remained committed to its Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) under the Paris agreement.

Green co-leader Chlöe Swarbrick. RNZ / Samuel Rillstone

Willis said that remained a priority but the government was not prepared to “spend billions of dollars sending money offshore to meet that NDC”.

Swarbrick requested that Willis take into account the potential fiscal impact of that NDC in its books for the “sake of financial responsibility” and “transparency” to which Willis simply responded: “No.”

Afterwards, Willis described the call as “a lot of fluff and noise” and noted that the previous government never recognised those obligations as liabilities either.

She said the government would make “best efforts” to uphold its 2030 Paris commitments, but would not buy offshore carbon credits even if that was required to achieve it.

“We do not think it’s in New Zealand’s best interest to send cheques for billions of dollars offshore,” she said.

“New Zealanders who are struggling to put food on the table are not going to thank us for having a performative awards ceremony.”

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Wellington’s Gordon Wilson flats to be demolished this month

Source: Radio New Zealand

Victoria University will knock down the abandoned Gordon Wilson flats later this month.

The 1950s-era apartment complex has sat unlived in on Wellington’s hills just below Victoria University since 2012 after they stopped being used for social housing because they were deemed to be too unsafe to live in.

The government carved out a section of the law in June so the earthquake-prone abandoned heritage building could be demolished by its owner, Victoria University.

When the changes were revealed senior Cabinet minister Chris Bishop posted a photo to social media which included his face photoshopped onto a man swinging on a wrecking ball with the buildings in the background.

Victoria University has decided it will start demolition of the building and the nearby McLean Flats later this month.

Vice-Chancellor Nic Smith said the university had looked at all options to restore the sites available to them, but stated they were not financially viable.

“The structures suffer from extensive rot, asbestos, seismic issues, and other critical problems that make restoration too costly.”

The 1950s-era apartment complex has sat unlived in on Wellington’s hills just below Victoria University since 2012 after they stopped being used for social housing because they were deemed to be too unsafe to live in. RNZ / Mark Papalii

Smith acknowledged the decision would disappoint some people, but noted the future of the land would provide student accommodation in the future.

“We look forward to working with our community on future plans which will provide the next generations with an outstanding student accommodation and learning experience right next to our Kelburn campus.”

The university’s chief operating officer Tina Wakefield said the work ensuring the safety of the community was the highest priority through the upcoming demolition work.

“There is significant work ahead to ensure that the demolition will be carried out with the utmost care, beginning with site preparation work in the coming weeks.”

“We recognise and understand that demolition work may be disruptive for our neighbours, and we are fully committed to keeping them informed and minimising that impact.”

In October the family of the man the Gordon Wilson flats were named after said they wanted the building to be redeveloped, rather than demolished.

Architecture Centre spokesperson Peter Parkes told RNZ the apartment complex still had value.

His group believed 80 percent of the building’s concrete structure could be retained.

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‘Extreme concerns’ as vandals block Wellington cycle path with planks

Source: Radio New Zealand

Wellington City Council park rangers are installing motion-activated cameras in the Town Belt on Matairangi/Mt Victoria after a spate of vandalism that appears to target mountain bikers. Wellington City Council

Wellington City Council is installing motion-activated cameras in the Town Belt on Mt Victoria after a spate of vandalism which it says appeared to have targeted mountain bikers.

Over the past few days, the council said logs, stumps and other obstacles had been placed on several mountain bike trails in places where, if hit by a mountain bike rider, they could cause serious injury.

The council’s parks manager Bradley Schroder said timber had also been fastened to trees at a height with the apparent intention of injuring riders.

He said fencing and signage had also been removed mainly around the V, Rockdrop and Shuttlecock tracks. However, he cautioned riders that it should not be taken for granted that other trails have not been vandalised.

Wellington City Council park rangers are installing motion-activated cameras in the Town Belt on Matairangi/Mt Victoria after a spate of vandalism that appears to target mountain bikers. Wellington City Council

Schroder said the police had been notified and cameras would be installed adjacent to the bike trails with the aim of identifying the culprits.

“We are extremely concerned about what’s going on – we’re in touch with the mountain biking community and we’re warning riders to take extra care while using trails on Matairangi/Mt Victoria.”

He said the mountain bike trails on Mt Victoria were designed and heavily-signposted to minimise the risk of riders and other Town Belt users from coming into conflict.

“We know some people in the community don’t like that the Town Belt is a shared space for walkers, runners, riders and other track users but we won’t tolerate people doing things to put other people in harm’s way.”

Schroder urged the public to call the council on 04 499 4444 if they spotted any vandalism or suspected any person of performing vandalism.

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Ozempic-type drugs backed by WHO for treating obesity

Source: Radio New Zealand

WHO guidelines said GLP-1 medications such as Ozempic or Wegovy could be used by adults as part of a comprehensive approach to obesity treatment. Ida Marie Odgaard / Ritzau Scanpix via AFP

The World Health Organization has released its first guidelines on the Ozempic-type drugs, conditionally recommending their use for long-term treatment of obesity.

To tackle what it said was a serious health challenge, its guidelines said Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) medications such as Ozempic or Wegovy could be used by adults as part of a comprehensive approach. That included healthy diets, physical activity and support from health professionals.

Obesity was associated with 3.7 million deaths worldwide in 2024 and was major driver of diseases such as cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes, it said.

“Our new guidance recognises that obesity is a chronic disease that can be treated with comprehensive and lifelong care,” WHO director general Dr Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus said.

The WHO also called for fair access to the drugs and said they should be made affordable for those who needed them.

Peter Shepherd, professor of molecular medicine and pathology at University of Auckland, said obesity affected between 20 percent and 30 percent of the New Zealand population and was major driver of health problems.

He told Morning Report the therapies weren’t without problems, but “nothing else has really worked”.

“Levels of obesity globally have continued to rise despite the best efforts of diet and exercise and behavioural programmes to do otherwise over the years.

“And now we for the first time are seeing a reduction in levels of obesity, in the US of all places, reductions in people eating at fast food, restaurants, etcetera. So these drugs really do work.”

University of Auckland profressor Peter Shepherd. University of Auckland

At a cost of $6000 a year in New Zealand, Shepherd said the drugs were out of reach for many people, but the price was likely to fall.

“These drugs are coming off patent as many biosimilars in the pipeline in China already, for example. So in the next few years, we’re going to see these prices come down even more.”

Australia’s medicines regulator has issued a safety warning over the potential risk of suicidal thoughts and behaviours when taking Ozempic-style drugs.

The Therapeutic Goods Administration said people using the medicines should tell their health professional if they experienced new or worsening depression but stressed there was enough evidence to conclude the drugs caused those changes.

Shepherd said there was limited evidence of risk of suicidal thoughts among those taking the drugs.

There were gastric side effects and “more worryingly” people seemed to be losing not just fat but muscle mass.

“Particularly for older people, loss of muscle is not a good idea. So these probably will need to be supplanted by different types of weight loss drugs going forward that don’t have these side effects”.

The drugs were originally designed for type 2 diabetes treatment but became known as a weight loss solution.

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Calls for government to stump up $359 million for forestry response

Source: Radio New Zealand

A cross-sector group concerned about the impact of forestry in Tai Rāwhiti is urging the government to stump up $359 million.

The transition advisory group, known as TAG, was established in response to a ministerial inquiry, which labelled the problem an “environmental disaster”, and is tasked with transitioning 100,000 hectares of land back into permanent bush to stabilise its most vulnerable slopes.

Members include forestry owners, Māori landowners, farmers and experts from Gisborne District Council and Ministry for Primary Industries.

  • Over 20 percent of Tai Rāwhiti is covered in pine trees, many were planted after Cyclone Bola in 1988 to help with erosion control as the region has the most slip-prone land in New Zealand.
  • The region’s steep hill country loses 55 million tonnes of topsoil every year and post-storm clean-ups (Cyclone Gabrielle and subsequent events) have exceeded $110 million in debris and sediment removal alone.
  • It’s estimated that without intervention, cumulative storm-related damages over the next 30 years could exceed $1 billion.
  • It was so bad in 2023 after Cyclone Gabrielle and Hale that a ministerial inquiry into land use was launched, it found lives were put at risk, and said the time to fix this “environmental disaster” is running out. It recommended planting the worst areas back into native bush.
  • In response, a TAG was set up and has identified up to 100,000 hectares of forestry and pastoral land that needs to be taken out of production and planted in permanent bush.

The cost of transitioning this land was initially estimated to need $200m of government funding, however the figure has grown to nearly double that.

“We’re looking at $359m of Crown co-investment over the next 10 years and this is backed by our own regional, private, and also philanthropic funding that is already flowing into the region,” Gisborne District Council chief executive Nedine Thatcher Swann said.

“What our business case shows, though, is that for every $1 spent, we actually save $4 on the recovery. This programme is about avoiding more than $1 billion in future storm damage and recovery costs.

“It is about ensuring that we’re putting investment into preventative work rather than being the ambulance at the bottom of the cliff, literally picking up large woody debris when the next event happens.

“It’s not an if, it’s a when,” she said.

The business case sets out a 30-year plan to stabilise around 100,000 hectares of erosion-prone land. It includes a $20.5m early-start package to begin work in the most at risk-areas and proposes a $359m Crown investment over ten years, as well as regional and private contributions estimated at more than $240m.

The group has sent the proposal to the prime minister and minister for Primary Industries.

“We have had conversations with them, and we understand that we’re in an incredibly tight economic times,” Thatcher Swann said.

However, she said the plan will save money in the long run.

Slash in a Tologa Bay river bed after Cyclone Gabrielle in 2023. RNZ / Alexa Cook

The group is urging the government to seriously consider the implications of what will happen if Tai Rāwhiti’s current land use doesn’t change.

“Our region agrees that we do need to transition some of the most vulnerable land to permanent cover and we’re ready to go. The plan’s in place, our partnerships are strong, the momentum is real and we just need the Crown to come and back us.”

A spokesperson for Forestry Minister Todd McClay said that the case study has been received and will be evaluated as part of ongoing work in relation to sustainable land use.

“Unfortunately the group’s expectation of taxpayer support seems unrealistic, however no decisions have been made at this stage,” they said.

Government no ‘white knight’ for landowners

Dan Jex-Blake farms in the Waingake Valley about 50 kilometres away from Gisborne and is part of the TAG. He’s experienced the impacts of forestry slash on his land and is keen to see the problems with land use addressed.

“We need to change the way our land is used in this region because the material damage caused to those downstream, certainly from forestry, is huge,” he said.

But he’s realistic when it comes to government funding.

“As a landowner I’m not thinking the government is going to be a white knight and come along and pay for everything,” he said.

However, the farmer told RNZ what will help is commercial opportunities to incentivise the changes.

“That could put up an economically rationale and logical case for landowners to go ‘that piece of land is not sustainable for long term farming or trees and there are options to get other income from it’.

“If we don’t do something it’s an indictment on us as a generation … the goal is aspirational but we need to get on and get going with it,” he said.

Dan Jex-Blake’s farm is up the Waingake Valley near Gisborne. Supplied

Farm consultant and chief executive of Tairawhiti Whenua Charitable Trust, Hilton Collier, is also in the TAG.

“There’s certainly a lot of ambition and a lot of hope for better outcomes.

“It’s been a challenging journey and there’ve been some very difficult discussions at times given the tensions between farming and forestry,” he said.

Collier said ultimately everyone agrees a better relationship with Tai Rāwhiti’s land is needed to reduce and mitigate excessive sedimentation and woody debris entering waterways.

But he warns that land use transition will take time, and people must be patient.

“We won’t get an instant fix and everyone needs to understand we are not going to have a solution tomorrow. It’s probably going to take 20 to 50 years, or longer, before we have the issue addressed properly.”

‘We have concerns’: Eastland Wood Council

Eastland Wood Council chairperson Julian Kohn, who also a TAG member, said Gisborne forest owners recognise that land-use transition is needed, particularly around vulnerable land that’s been identified.

“But we have concerns. The business case understates the potential risks to our region’s economy and we believe landowners need to be considered more – this transition includes land owned by iwi as well as mum and dad investors around our country.

“We also think poplars, willows, redwoods and other timber should be included in the replanting along with natives for the permanent vegetation,” he said.

Outside of the land use change, Kohn said there is still a place for sustainable forestry in Tai Rāwhiti.

“The forestry industry wants to be part of the answer to keeping soil on the hills, protecting waterways, and supporting our region’s economy.

“This region recently had a sawmill reopen which created 110 jobs. Our port, heavily reliant on forestry, is also undergoing a multi‑million‑dollar upgrade for its Twin Berth Project,” Kohn said.

He’s confident there is capacity in the region to support the forestry industry, and said Eastland Wood Council wants to be part of the future of Tai Rāwhiti.

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Dairy owner stabbed during Christchurch robbery

Source: Radio New Zealand

Flowers outside the Opawa Discounter, where the business’ owner was stabbed during a robbery on 2 December. RNZ/Tim Brown

A shop owner is in hospital after being stabbed during a robbery in the Christchurch suburb of Opawa.

Police were called to the dairy on Opawa Road at about about 5.40am on Tuesday.

By the time police got there, the alleged offenders had fled.

RNZ understands the store owner was punched in the face and stabbed on the hands during the attack.

An RNZ reporter at the scene said blood was spattered on the inside of the shop.

Flowers outside the Opawa Discounter, where the business’ owner was stabbed during a robbery on 2 December. RNZ/Tim Brown

Police are still looking for the people responsible.

A worker nearby said the dairy has been targeted by thieves before, but nothing as horrific as this morning’s attack.

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Vandalism sparks installation of cameras in Wellington’s Town Belt

Source: Radio New Zealand

123rf

Wellington City Council is installing motion-activated cameras in the Town Belt on Mt Victoria after a spate of vandalism which it says appeared to have targeted mountain bikers.

Over the past few days, the council said logs, stumps and other obstacles had been placed on several mountain bike trails in places where, if hit by a mountain bike rider, they could cause serious injury.

The council’s parks manager Bradley Schroder said timber had also been fastened to trees at a height with the apparent intention of injuring riders.

He said fencing and signage had also been removed mainly around the V, Rockdrop and Shuttlecock tracks. However, he cautioned riders that it should not be taken for granted that other trails have not been vandalised.

Schroder said the police had been notified and cameras would be installed adjacent to the bike trails with the aim of identifying the culprits.

“We are extremely concerned about what’s going on – we’re in touch with the mountain biking community and we’re warning riders to take extra care while using trails on Matairangi/Mt Victoria.”

He said the mountain bike trails on Mt Victoria were designed and heavily-signposted to minimise the risk of riders and other Town Belt users from coming into conflict.

“We know some people in the community don’t like that the Town Belt is a shared space for walkers, runners, riders and other track users but we won’t tolerate people doing things to put other people in harm’s way.”

Schroder urged the public to call the council on 04 499 4444 if they spotted any vandalism or suspected any person of performing vandalism.

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Live: Black Caps v West Indies first test: Day one

Source: Radio New Zealand

The Black Caps take on the West Indies in their first test from Hagley Oval in Christchurch.

New Zealand has played just two Test matches so far in 2025, beating Zimbabwe 2-0 in Bulawayo in August.

Since then they’ve played 17 white-ball games against Australia, England and West Indies.

“The team is clear in their test match identity, they’ve done incredibly well as a unit, so just to fall back into that,” coach Rob Walter said on the eve of the three match series.

New Zealand is ranked fifth in the World Test rankings, with West Indies eighth.

First ball is at 11am.

Mitchell Santner PHOTOSPORT

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RNZ hits live listener target a year early

Source: Radio New Zealand

RNZ / Cole Eastham-Farrelly

More people are listening to Radio New Zealand, with the broadcaster saying it has hit a target for live listeners a year ahead of schedule.

GFK survey figures released on Tuesday show 500,300 in a typical week for RNZ National aged 10 or older, up from 475,800 in the last survey.

“We’ve achieved our November 2026 goal a year early with these latest results, and we now want to build on that success in 2026,” RNZ chief executive Paul Thompson said.

RNZ’s flagship programme Morning Report has 13,000 more listeners, a rise of 4 percent.

“Further changes to programming and the introduction of new presenters and correspondents in 2026 will help confirm RNZ National as the home of trusted news and content for New Zealanders,” Thompson said.

Auckland has by far the biggest lift in live radio listeners, up 16,700 from 116,000 last survey to 132,700 in the latest figures.

There was growth in all major programmes.

Morning Report had 13,600 more listeners across the country, Nine to Noon 20,200 more, Checkpoint another 18,100 and Saturday Morning 4,400.

RNZ National and RNZ Concert have a combined weekly audience of 584,300 listeners.

The two have a 12.7 percent combined share, up from 11.3 percent.

However, RNZ Concert had 154,100 listeners which was down from 170,400 in the last survey.

RNZ said when all its platforms are combined, it is now reaching 83 percent of New Zealanders a month aged 18 or over.

Separately, it has also had back-to-back record digital growth in digital viewers.

A total of 1,698,000 New Zealanders aged 15+ visited rnz.co.nz in October, the highest ever monthly audience for RNZ’s website following another record month in September.

The survey, known as Survey 3, was conducted between 10 August and 1 November.

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Local government shake-up: A complicated job to fix a complex system

Source: Radio New Zealand

RNZ / Samuel Rillstone

Regional councillors who’ve just been sworn in have been shown the writing on the wall by the government, which is plotting a swift end to their terms

It’s been billed as the biggest shakeup in local government since amalgamation in 1989.

But at the end of the day, “all the government’s really announced is work to start a brain storming session,” says Stuff political reporter Glenn McConnell.

Simpler, more cost-effective local government is the stated aim from the ministers involved; local government minister Simon Watts and the man in charge of resource management reform, Chris Bishop.

The media release from the Beehive didn’t mention the word ‘amalgamation’ once, but that’s effectively what it will end up being.

“It is a huge announcement,” McConnell tells The Detail, “because it’s effectively a key part of New Zealand’s democracy … regional councils, local government being completely overhauled, reformed, so that … probably the next time a local government election comes up, you won’t be voting for who is on your regional council.”

He says it’s probably fair to say this is effective amalgamation but “the government hasn’t come out and said ‘we want to amalgamate all these councils; we want to merge regional and district councils across the country’.”

There are 11 regional councils in New Zealand – Auckland, Marlborough and the Chatham and subantarctic islands don’t have them.

McConnell says Chris Bishop raised a pretty good point when he asked if people actually know who they’re voting for on a regional council – who can name the councillors?

He adds that local government voting percentages are so low that you could ask if the democratic process is even working that well, with less than half the population participating.

On the other hand, the chair of Environment Canterbury, Deon Swiggs, has told him that locals are well engaged in his area and do know what’s happening.

“So maybe that’s a good example of this new system that everyone is going to need to think about. We could have, depending on engagement in the areas, and the concerns raised, different voting systems.”

McConnell says local government in New Zealand is a complex system and simplifying it will be a complicated job. He also points out that the country’s busy mayors didn’t sign up for this.

The first step is to replace regional councillors with the mayors who cover those regions, on what will be called Combined Territories Boards, and they have two years to work out what the decision-making structures will look like in the future.

One irony here is that Prime Minister Christopher Luxon campaigned on giving more power to locals to make decisions, in a bite-back to Labour’s Three Waters changes.

McConnell says in a way, this move is not dissimilar.

“This is the same rationale as having Three Waters, that you could combine resources across different cities and regions to make it more effective and cheaper to operate local government services. That is the same rationale that Chris Bishop is using for pushing for this reform of regional councils.”

Bishop has been very interested in this area and has been open with his desire to reform it.

National has backing from both its coalition parties, but interestingly for different philosophical reasons.

“The politics of this is quite fascinating,” says McConnell.

New Zealand First’s Shane Jones has effectively made getting rid of regional councils a party policy – “particularly he’s unhappy about the Otago Regional Council, which he said is a ‘Kremlin-like institution’ in the South Island, all because he doesn’t like the decisions they’re making.”

Act, on the other hand, sees it as a way to get rid of co-governance.

“In Canterbury, ECan has seats for Ngāi Tahu – Ngāi Tahu representation is guaranteed on the ECan board – now this change, getting rid of the board that runs ECan and just replacing it with mayors, means that Ngāi Tahu representation is gone.

“So Act is celebrating from the perspective of getting rid of co-governance. Three completely different reasons for this policy.

“But this is going to take years to change this … I think this discussion will be going on for quite some time.”

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– Published by EveningReport.nz and AsiaPacificReport.nz, see: MIL OSI in partnership with Radio New Zealand

Labour’s claims of corporate clinics not prioritising community ‘not reflective of the data’

Source: Radio New Zealand

123RF

A corporate healthcare provider has hit back on Labour’s claims that it doesn’t prioritise community needs.

On Sunday, the party announced a policy that would offer doctors and nurse practitioners low-interest loans to set up new practices or buy into existing ones, if elected next year.

The loans would only be available for owner-operated general practices, with corporate-owned clinics excluded.

Labour’s health spokesperson Ayesha Verrall told Morning Report on Monday that although many corporate-owned practices provided good care, there were instances where priority was not given to community needs.

She used an example in Lower Hutt where the practice gave up on doing face-to-face consultations because they had taken all the funding that comes with enrolling a large patient population and then not hired the doctors to support that.

Tend Health founder and co-chief executive Cecilia Robinson said Verrall’s comment were “pretty odd”.

“I think it’s a pretty odd assertion, it’s not reflective of the data, you know, continuity of care is actually design assured, it’s not an ownership issue, and it really relies on having enough clinicians, modern systems and a model built around long-term relationships with patients.

“So it’s a strange assertion and I think what’s important to discuss is continuity of care which is incredibly important but true continuity of care also depends on the quality of the data, the broader care team supporting our GPs and consistent prescribing practices. That’s really what we need to ensure a safe, seamless patient experience.”

Robinson said Tend was focused on creating access for patients and moving clinicians depending on where demand is highest and patients accessing care in a location that is convenient to them.

“Our patients have a higher satisfaction once we’ve integrated a practice into Tend’s network than what they did pre an integration under a previous ownership structure and why is that? It’s because patients can now access their care that they need in a timely way in a price that is right for them.”

Robinson said there had been a “significant” shift in patient satisfaction, with its data showing it rise from 60 percent to 95 percent.

It was also experiencing a broader enrolment cohort – with an increased number of Māori and Pasifika enrolments.

Robinson said its Bay of Plenty practices had gone from 12 percent enrolment of Māori patients to surpassing 22 percent.

“This is real impact in real communities where patients are making decisions around the healthcare that is best for them.”

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– Published by EveningReport.nz and AsiaPacificReport.nz, see: MIL OSI in partnership with Radio New Zealand

Person seriously injured in Christchurch robbery

Source: Radio New Zealand

RNZ / Marika Khabazi

A person has been seriously injured and a manhunt is under way after a Christchurch robbery.

Police were called to the scene at a business on Opawa Road about 5.40am on Tuesday.

By the time they got there, the alleged offenders had fled.

Police said they were working to find those responsible.

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– Published by EveningReport.nz and AsiaPacificReport.nz, see: MIL OSI in partnership with Radio New Zealand

What are small language models and how do they differ from large ones?

Source: The Conversation (Au and NZ) – By Lin Tian, Research Fellow, Data Science Institute, University of Technology Sydney

Tanmay Gosh/Pexels

Microsoft just released its latest small language model that can operate directly on the user’s computer. If you haven’t followed the AI industry closely, you might be asking: what exactly is a small language model (SLM)?

As AI becomes increasingly central to how we work, learn and solve problems, understanding the different types of AI models has never been more important. Large language models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT, Claude, Gemini and others are in widespread use. But small ones are increasingly important, too.

Let’s explore what makes SLMs and LLMs different – and how to choose the right one for your situation.

Firstly, what is a language model?

You can think of language models as incredibly sophisticated pattern-recognition systems that have learned from vast amounts of text.

They can understand questions, generate responses, translate languages, write content, and perform countless other language-related tasks.

The key difference between small and large models lies in their scope, capability and resource requirements.

Small language models are like specialised tools in a toolbox, each designed to do specific jobs extremely well. They typically contain millions to tens of millions of parameters (these are the model’s learned knowledge points).

Large language models, on the other hand, are like having an entire workshop at your disposal – versatile and capable of handling almost any challenge you throw at them, with billions or even trillions of parameters.

What can LLMs do?

Large language models represent the current pinnacle of AI language capabilities. These are the models making headlines for their ability to “write” poetry, debug complex code, engage in conversation, and even help with scientific research.

When you interact with advanced AI assistants such as ChatGPT, Gemini, Copilot or Claude, you’re experiencing the power of LLMs.

The primary strength of LLMs is their versatility. They can handle open-ended conversations, switching seamlessly from discussing marketing strategies to explaining scientific concepts to creative writing. This makes them invaluable for businesses that need AI to handle diverse, unpredictable tasks.

A consulting firm, for instance, might use an LLM to analyse market trends, generate comprehensive reports, translate technical documents, and assist with strategic planning – all with the same model.

LLMs excel at tasks requiring nuanced understanding and complex reasoning. They can interpret context and subtle implications, and generate responses that consider multiple factors simultaneously.

If you need AI to review legal contracts, synthesise information from multiple sources, or engage in creative problem-solving, you need the sophisticated capabilities of an LLM.

These models are also excellent at generalising. Train them on diverse data, and they can extrapolate knowledge to handle scenarios they’ve never explicitly encountered.

However, LLMs require significant computational power and usually run in the cloud, rather than on your own device or computer. In turn, this translates to high operational costs. If you’re processing thousands of requests daily, these costs can add up quickly.

When less is more: SLMs

In contrast to LLMs, small language models excel at specific tasks. They’re fast, efficient and affordable.

Take a library’s book recommendation system. An SLM can learn the library’s catalogue. It “understands” genres, authors and reading levels so it can make great recommendations. Because it’s so small, it doesn’t need expensive computers to run.

SLMs are easy to fine-tune. A language learning app can teach an SLM about common grammar mistakes. A medical clinic can train one to understand appointment scheduling. The model becomes an expert in exactly what you need.

SLMs are faster than LLMs, too – they can deliver answers in milliseconds, rather than seconds. This difference may seem small, but it’s noticeable in applications such as grammar checkers or translation apps, which can’t keep users waiting.

Costs are much smaller, too. Small language models are like LED bulbs – efficient and affordable. Large language models are like stadium lights – powerful but expensive.

Schools, non-profits and small businesses can use SLMs for specific tasks without breaking the bank. For example, Microsoft’s Phi-3 small language models are helping power an agricultural information platform in India to provide services to farmers even in remote places with limited internet.

SLMs are also great for constrained systems such as self-driving cars or satellites that have limited processing power, minimal energy budgets, and no reliable cloud connection. LLMs simply can’t run in these environments. But an SLM, with its smaller footprint, can fit onboard.

Both types of models have their place

What’s better – a minivan or a sports car? A downtown studio apartment or a large house in the suburbs? The answer, of course, is that it depends on your needs and your resources.

The landscape of AI models is rapidly evolving, and the line between small and large models is becoming increasingly nuanced. We’re seeing hybrid approaches where businesses use SLMs for routine tasks and escalate to LLMs for complex queries. This approach optimises both cost and performance.

The choice between small and large language models isn’t about which is objectively better – it’s about which better serves your specific needs.

SLMs offer efficiency, speed and cost-effectiveness for focused applications, making them ideal for businesses with specific use cases and resource constraints.

LLMs provide unmatched versatility and sophistication for complex, varied tasks, justifying their higher resource requirements when a highly capable AI is needed.

The Conversation

Lin Tian receives funding from the Advanced Strategic Capabilities Accelerator (ASCA) and the Defence Innovation Network.

Marian-Andrei Rizoiu receives funding from the Advanced Strategic Capabilities Accelerator (ASCA), the Australian Department of Home Affairs, and the Commonwealth of Australia as represented by the Defence Science and Technology Group of the Department of Defence.

Marian-Andrei Rizoiu is the Director of the Defence Innovation Network.

ref. What are small language models and how do they differ from large ones? – https://theconversation.com/what-are-small-language-models-and-how-do-they-differ-from-large-ones-269103

Immigration panic comes in waves. Data shows who worries most, and when

Source: The Conversation (Au and NZ) – By Peter Mayer, Associate Professor, School of History and Politics, University of Adelaide

There are several predictable cycles in Australian public opinion, and one of them is the moral panic surrounding immigration.

Some readers will remember the immigration panic of the 1990s, which gave rise to Pauline Hanson and her One Nation party.

Then the issue fades from the mainstream, only to return sometime later. Why?

It turns out it’s possible to chart the voters who will become concerned about immigration, and when.

We studied the cycles of concern

There are predictable cycles in public concerns about the level of migrants accepted into Australia.

The most recent wave of migration panic in Australia was made obvious during the anti-immigration protests across capital cities that began in late August this year.

While the numbers who turned up to these protests were small compared to similar rallies in the United Kingdom, they were not insignificant for a settler-colonial nation built on successive waves of migration.

Australia’s history with anti-immigration fears goes back as far as the Lambing Flat riots in New South Wales in 1860, when white miners attacked and drove off about 2,000 Chinese miners.

What characterises almost all these moments is a period of economic recession and rising unemployment.

Generally, when unemployment rises, so does the number of Australians who feel migrant numbers are “too high”. One such cycle occurred in the early 1980s when unemployment, especially youth unemployment, rose sharply.

A second period of near-panic occurred during the recession in the early 1990s, when more than 70% of the population felt migration levels were too high.

There was a secondary burst of concern during the Asian Financial Crisis in the late 1990s; at that time there was rising concern about the number of asylum-seekers arriving by boat.

In that period Pauline Hanson was disendorsed by the Liberal Party and then founded the One Nation Party in 1997.

John Howard responded to the Tampa Affair in 2001 by passing the Border Protection Bill which undercut rising support for One Nation and opened a path to re-election later that year.

Still, the number of undocumented migrants arriving by boat increased sharply up until 2013.

The COVID pandemic appears to have disrupted the close link between rates of unemployment and concern about migration numbers.

In 2018-19, unemployment rates were relatively low but concerns over immigration numbers began to rise. During 2020, with migration barred, concerns over migration plunged.

After the peak of COVID, unemployment levels have remained very low but concerns over migration levels shot up sharply. Here again, the cause is probably economic – this time reflecting concerns over inflation, the cost of living and housing.

Even at this year’s election, the housing crisis was falsely linked to migration.

Trends in age groups

Who is most likely to feel the number of migrants is too high?

Data from recent Australian electoral surveys, taken after each general election, allow us to form a clearer picture.

It’s clear older voters are more likely to feel numbers are too high. Younger generations tend to be less worried about migration numbers than the generations that preceded them.

At the time of the 2022 election, those feeling migration levels were “much too high” fell to single digits, except for Gen X-ers. In this year’s election, a sharp increase in concern is clear, especially for Boomers and Gen X.

How you vote says a lot

When we look at the relationship between political party voters and immigration attitudes, we can see One Nation voters are much more likely to feel concern about the number of migrants.

In 2022, fewer than 10% of supporters of other major parties expressed great concern. In 2025, there was a noticeable divergence between parties of the right and left.

Virtually all One Nation supporters and more than 40% of Liberal and National supporters felt the number of migrants should be “reduced a lot”. There was only a modest increase in concern expressed by Labor voters and virtually no change by Greens supporters.

There is currently sharply rising concern over migrant numbers in Australia, so it is not surprising that support for One Nation has risen.

This is continuing despite a decisive 2025 election win for the Labor Party which originally seemed to suggest the scapegoating of migrants for the nation’s complex problems is unacceptable to the majority of Australians.

Recent data on social cohesion shows “concerning levels of prejudice, particularly towards people of Islamic faith and Australians from Asian and African backgrounds”.

Governments at all levels need to act promptly to contain this latest moral panic.

The Conversation

Sukhmani Khorana receives funding from the Australia Research Council.

Peter Mayer does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organisation that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

ref. Immigration panic comes in waves. Data shows who worries most, and when – https://theconversation.com/immigration-panic-comes-in-waves-data-shows-who-worries-most-and-when-270565

Half of women at nightclubs recently faced sexual comments, groping, or forced kissing – new study

Source: The Conversation (Au and NZ) – By Kira Button, PhD Candidate in Psychology, Deakin University

Pressmaster/Getty Images

A night out should be about friends, dancing and fun. But our new research shows sexual harm is an all-too-common experience.

We interviewed 232 nightlife patrons in Geelong, Victoria, and found half the women and almost one in three men experienced some form of sexual harm on a night out in the past three months.

Sexual harm included non-physical actions such as leering and unwanted sexual comments, and physical behaviours such as groping and forced kissing.

Despite the high prevalence of sexual harm during nights out, most previous research has focused on what makes someone vulnerable to sexual harm – such as the person’s gender, whether they had been drinking, or how often they go out – rather than how or why the harm occurs.

This has created unreasonable expectations on nightlife patrons, especially women. Patrons are expected to prevent harm by covering their drinks, not going anywhere alone, or pretending to have a boyfriend when approached. These strategies are often described by patrons as “necessary” for staying safe when there are few other protections in place.

However, the design, atmosphere and management of nightlife venues can increase or decrease the risk of sexual harm, as our research shows.

Sexual harm was most likely on the dancefloor

We interviewed patrons immediately after they’d left nightlife venues in Geelong on Saturday nights between December 2022 and February 2023. The patrons were age 18 to 65, with a median age of 21 and an roughly even gender split.

During these interviews, we asked whether they had experienced any sexual harm as well as how loud and well-lit they thought the venues were.

We found unsolicited sexual comments, leering and groping were the most common types of sexual harm most and this was most likely to occur on the dancefloor.

More reports of harm in darker venues

Those who attended darker venues experienced more unwanted sexual behaviour. As lighting ratings increased by one unit, meaning the venue got brighter, the odds of experiencing sexual harm decreased by 27%.

This fits with our observational research conducted inside bars and clubs in the same nightlife precinct which found incidents of groping, unwanted grinding and leering were more frequent in darker, louder and more crowded venues.

When a space is dark, noisy and tightly packed, people may feel a sense of anonymity and believe they are unlikely to be caught if they engage in unwanted sexual behaviours.

These conditions also make it harder for staff and security to detect and respond to unwanted touching or other inappropriate behaviour.

We ran a separate national survey and found that just 35–38% of participants reported their experiences of sexual harm to venue staff or police. Most didn’t report because they believed this kind of behaviour was “normal” in nightclubs, didn’t think staff would take their complaints seriously, felt embarrassed, or were worried that they’d be blamed.

What can be done about it?

Preventing sexual harm in nightclubs and bars cannot and should not rely entirely on individuals managing their own risk.

Governments also need to take sexual harm in nightlife seriously. Introducing minimum lighting standards would be one step forward.

Most workplaces need to meet basic lighting standards for safety. Nightclubs should not be exempt. This doesn’t mean switching on harsh, bright lights, but rather ensuring visibility is high enough for staff and security to identify and respond to harm. This could be achieved with coloured lighting or aiming lights at risky areas such as dancefloors and bar queues.

Governments could trial these requirements in high-risk venues, where reports of sexual harm are consistently high. This would target high-risk venues, while encouraging low-risk venues to maintain and strengthen their existing safety practices.

Venue operators, staff and security need to be more accountable for preventing and responding appropriately to sexual harm in their establishments. Venue owners have the power to create safer spaces if they choose to. They can do this by building prevention and intervention into their venue design and management.

Consistent training and clear response procedures can help ensure reports are taken seriously and acted on. When reports are taken seriously, and the person engaging in this unwanted behaviour receives consequences (such as having the police be called or being removed from the venue), this sends a clear message that sexual harm will not be tolerated.

Recent moves in Victoria and New South Wales to add sexual harassment prevention training to the Responsible Service of Alcohol (RSA) program is a positive step and a practical way to reach hospitality workers.

However, it should not be seen as a standalone solution to nightlife sexual harm. RSA requirements are often poorly enforced, with many intoxicated patrons still being served. The training needs proper oversight and should be rigorously evaluated to determine if it actually reduces sexual harm.

A night out shouldn’t come with the expectation of sexual harm. Better regulation, oversight and accountability are key to making nightclubs and bars safer.

The National Sexual Assault, Family and Domestic Violence Counselling Line – 1800 RESPECT (1800 737 732) – is available 24 hours a day, seven days a week for any Australian who has experienced, or is at risk of, sexual assault.

LGBTQ+ people who have experienced sexual violence can call the Rainbow Sexual, Domestic and Family Violence Helpline on 1800 497 212.

The Conversation

Kira Button received funding from an Australian Government Research Training Program Scholarship.

Nicholas Taylor receives funding from the Australian Research Council, the Cancer Council, VicHealth, the Australian National Health and Medical Research Council, the Northern Territory government, and the Queensland government.

Peter Miller receives funding from the Australian Research Council, Medical Research Future Fund, Northern Territory Government and the Australian National Health and Medical Research Council. He has previously received grants from NSW Government, National Drug Law Enforcement Research Fund, Foundation for Alcohol Research and Education, Cancer Council Victoria, Queensland government and Australian Drug Foundation. Prof Miller is employed as a consultant to Scopus and Elsevier publishers to fulfil his role as the Psychology Subject Chair on the Content Selection Advisory Board. This involves a retainer, flights and accommodation. He has acted as a paid expert witness on behalf of a licensed venue and a security firm.

ref. Half of women at nightclubs recently faced sexual comments, groping, or forced kissing – new study – https://theconversation.com/half-of-women-at-nightclubs-recently-faced-sexual-comments-groping-or-forced-kissing-new-study-266364

Gold clam invasion in NZ threatens drinking water for millions of people

Source: The Conversation (Au and NZ) – By Adam Hartland, Adjunct Associate Professor, Lincoln University, New Zealand

Michele Melchior, CC BY-ND

As a geochemist studying New Zealand’s freshwater systems, I’ve spent years tracking the subtle chemical shifts in our rivers and lakes.

But nothing prepared me for the rapid transformation unfolding in the Waikato River since the invasion of the Asian clam (Corbicula fluminea, also known as the freshwater gold clam).

First detected in May 2023 in Lake Karāpiro, a reservoir lake on the Waikato, this bivalve is now altering the river’s chemistry in ways that could jeopardise drinking water for up to two million people, disrupt hydroelectric power and undermine decades of ecosystem restoration efforts.

Our team’s work reveals how these clams are depleting essential minerals like calcium from the water, impairing arsenic removal during treatment and signalling a rapid escalation with broader impacts ahead.

Underwater view of the Waikato River shows a bed of invasive gold clams, with densities exceeding 1,000 individuals per square metre.
Gold clams now dominate the river bed in many areas, with densities exceeding 1,000 individuals per square metre.
Michele Melchior, CC BY-ND

Native to eastern Asia, the gold clam can self-fertilise and spreads via contaminated gear, birds or floods. Climate change will likely accelerate its invasion.

The problem is already spreading quickly beyond the Waikato River. A recent detection in a Taranaki lake has led to waterway closures. And warnings for the Whanganui River underscore the urgent need for national vigilance.

A silent invasion with big consequences

The Waikato River stretches 425 km from Lake Taupō to the Tasman Sea, powering nine hydroelectric dams and supplying drinking water to Auckland, Hamilton and beyond.

It’s a taonga (cultural treasure) central to Māori identity and the subject of a landmark restoration strategy, Te Ture Whaimana o Te Awa o Waikato, that aims to revive the river’s mauri (life force).

In late 2024, arsenic levels in treated Waikato water briefly exceeded safe limits of 0.01 milligrams per litre (mg/L), triggering alarms at treatment plants. Investigations ruled out typical culprits such as geothermal spikes. Instead, our analysis points to the clams.

By filtering water and building calcium carbonate shells, the clams are drawing down dissolved calcium by 25% below historical norms. But calcium is crucial for water treatment processes because it helps bind and remove contaminants such as arsenic.

Our modelling estimates the clams are forming up to 30 tonnes of calcium carbonate daily in Lake Karāpiro alone. This suggests lake-wide densities averaging around 300 individuals per square metre. 2025 surveys show hotspots with up to 1,134 clams per square metre.

The result? Impaired arsenic removal. Without stable calcium, flocs (clumps of particles) don’t form properly, letting arsenic slip through.

While the exceedances were short-lived and contained through quick adjustments, they exposed vulnerabilities in a system optimised for historically consistent river chemistry.

Two people standing in the Waikato River, with sampling equipment.
Field teams survey the rapidly expanding population of freshwater gold clams in the Waikato River.
Michele Melchior, CC BY-ND

How the clams are changing the river

The gold clam isn’t just a filter-feeder; it’s an ecosystem engineer. Each clam can process up to a litre of water per hour, sequestering calcium for shells while releasing ammonia and bicarbonate.

Our data from 2024-2025, collected at multiple sites, show these shifts are most pronounced in deeper waters. Statistical tests confirm patterns absent in pre-invasion records.

Longer residence times in the reservoir lake (up to seven days) exacerbate the issue. Faster flushing correlates with higher growth rates, as clams ramp up activity. But prolonged retention in warmer months can lead to hypoxia (low oxygen), with the potential to trigger mass die-offs that release toxins or mobilise sediment-bound arsenic.

A graph showing Lake Karāpiro water column temperature and dissolved oxygen levels (from November 2024 to October 2025))
Lake Karāpiro water column temperature and dissolved oxygen levels (from November 2024 to October 2025) show oxygen depletion in deep water during warmer summer conditions, likely exacerbated by the gold clam.
Author provided, CC BY-NC-ND

These changes threaten more than water treatment. Clams could biofoul dam intakes and reduce hydroelectric efficiency in a river that generates 13% of New Zealand’s power (25% at peak). Native species like kākahi (freshwater mussels) face competition and shifts in nutrient cycling could fuel algal blooms, clashing with restoration goals.

Climate risks and stressors in a warming world

Amid these ongoing changes, climate projections indicate that hot, dry events – such as prolonged heatwaves or droughts – are likely to become more frequent. Such conditions could reduce river flows and elevate water temperatures, lowering dissolved oxygen levels and creating low-oxygen zones.

If clam densities continue to rise exponentially, a mass die-off might occur. This would release pulses of ammonia and organic matter that further deplete dissolved oxygen. This, in turn, could promote arsenic mobilisation from sediments and harmful algal blooms in nutrient-enriched, stagnant waters.

This could necessitate supply restrictions for affected communities. Ecologically, it might kill fish and disrupt native biodiversity. Economically, it could interrupt industries reliant on the river.

From the Waikato to a nationwide threat

The invasion isn’t contained. The clam, which can produce up to 70,000 juveniles annually, thrives in warm, nutrient-rich waters. It is notoriously hard to eradicate once established.

In mid-November, the Taranaki Regional Council confirmed the gold clam in Lake Rotomanu. Just days later, warnings were issued to boaties on the Whanganui River, urging rigorous “check, clean, dry” protocols.

Without intervention, the clams could reach other systems, including the Clutha or Waitaki, and compound pressures on New Zealand’s already stressed freshwaters.

Our research highlights the need for integrated action. Monitoring should expand, incorporating environmental DNA for early detection and calcium isotope tracing to pinpoint clam impacts. Water providers could trial calcium dosing during peak growth periods.

But solutions must honour Te Tiriti o Waitangi principles. Collaboration with iwi and blending mātauranga Māori (indigenous knowledge) with science, such as using tikanga indicators for water health, is essential. Biosecurity measures including gear decontamination campaigns are critical to slow spread.

Earth Sciences team surveying invasive gold clams on the banks of the Waikato River.
Field teams are counting invasive gold clams on the banks of the Waikato River.
Michele Melchior, CC BY-ND

This invasion intersects with New Zealand’s evolving water policy framework, particularly the Local Water Done Well regime which replaced the repealed Three Waters reforms in late 2023.

Councils are now implementing delivery plans and focusing on financial sustainability and infrastructure upgrades. The Water Services Authority Taumata Arawai continues as the national regulator, enforcing standards amid an estimated NZ$185-260 billion infrastructure deficit.

Recent government announcements propose further streamlining, including replacing regional councils with panels of mayors or territories boards, while encouraging amalgamations to simplify planning and infrastructure delivery. These changes aim to make local government more cost-effective and responsive to issues such as housing growth and infrastructure funding.

But a hot or dry event could test the effectiveness of water policy, potentially straining inter-council coordination for shared resources such as the Waikato River and highlighting gaps in emergency response.

Globally, the gold clam has cost billions in damages. New Zealand can’t afford to wait. By acting now, we can protect Te Awa o Waikato and safeguard water security for generations.

The Conversation

Adam Hartland receives funding from the Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment via grant LVLX2302.

ref. Gold clam invasion in NZ threatens drinking water for millions of people – https://theconversation.com/gold-clam-invasion-in-nz-threatens-drinking-water-for-millions-of-people-270444

Many super funds are still failing retirees, even as millions prepare to stop work

Source: The Conversation (Au and NZ) – By Natalie Peng, Lecturer in Accounting, The University of Queensland

vitaly gariev/Unsplash

Too many superannuation funds are still failing to provide sufficient support to retirees, three years after being urged to lift standards, Australia’s top regulators have warned.

This failure to prepare comes despite the massive demographic wave of Australians already in or about to enter retirement.

A new report from the Australian Prudential Regulation Authority (APRA) and the Australian Securities and Investments Commission (ASIC) reveals the industry’s response has been slow, uneven and, in the regulators’ words, merely “incremental”.

The report shows a widening gap between the best and worst funds. For a growing number of Australians, this failure isn’t a future problem – it’s affecting their lives right now.

The retirement wave is here

The scale of the shift is breathtaking. More than 1.6 million Australians are already drawing a pension from their super, with another 2.5 million set to retire in the next decade.

With more than A$4.3 trillion in members’ savings invested across the super system, the 1.6 million retired members account for about $575 billion in assets.

Another statistic from the report is particularly staggering: one in five super funds already has half of its members in, or approaching, retirement.

Yet the review found many trustees are still designing services for people accumulating savings during their working lives, not those spending savings in retirement.

In October, ASIC raised concerns about “glaring” gaps in communications, saying funds were sending generic messages aimed at workers, with little tailored help for retirees.

Support for vulnerable groups, including First Nations members and those with low financial literacy, was largely absent.

The challenge is spending, not saving

For decades, the super system’s mantra was simple: save, save, save. The more complex challenge is helping people spend those savings confidently.

Without clear guidance, many retirees are understandably cautious. They withdraw too little, living more frugally than they need to.

Data shows fewer than half of pensioners draw down on their retirement savings, and more than 40% are net savers — turning Australia’s compulsory superannuation system into a massive inheritance scheme. Others spend too aggressively and face poverty later in life.

The regulators are clear: helping retirees spend appropriately is central to the purpose of the “retirement income covenant” introduced in 2022. The new laws aimed to provide an easier transition to retirement and to increase the range of retirement products.

But the latest review found one in five funds provide no guidance on drawdown strategies beyond the legal minimum, leaving members to make high-stakes decisions alone.

A lottery for retirees

The report highlights a dangerous divide. A small group of leading funds are making progress:

  • offering better digital tools
  • developing sophisticated retirement income products
  • providing targeted guidance and advice.

But many others are lagging far behind, offering little more than basic calculators and generic information. The result is an inconsistency across the system, where a member’s experience depends entirely on which fund they belong to – the very inequity the covenant was designed to prevent.

Measuring busywork, not wellbeing

While almost every fund claims to have improved its understanding of members, few can demonstrate whether this has actually led to better outcomes for retirees.

The regulators said many funds still rely on “activity-based” metrics, such as website visits or webinar attendance. They are not measuring what truly matters: whether retirees have adequate and sustainable income, and whether they feel financially secure.

This distinction is critical. ASIC’s Moneysmart research shows only one-third of Australians approaching retirement feel confident they will be financially comfortable. In a compulsory super system, that widespread uncertainty is concerning.

What needs to happen now

The regulators have made it clear that funds must move faster. The covenant was never intended to be a compliance box-ticking exercise, but a fundamental shift towards improving members’ lives in retirement.

This requires a multi-layered transformation. First, funds must pivot from simply collecting data to actively using it to identify where members struggle and what support they genuinely need, moving beyond generic reports to personalised insights.

Second, communication must evolve into a lifelong conversation. Guidance can’t stop at the retirement date; it must be practical, tailored, and continue as members age. As ASIC has urged, this means developing relevant communications for people in their 70s and 80s, not just those on the cusp of retiring.

Ultimately, funds must shift their focus from measuring activity to measuring wellbeing. The true test of a fund’s strategy isn’t webinar attendance, but whether its members feel confident and have a sustainable income.

This outcomes-based approach must also be inclusive, ensuring support is accessible and effective for all members, including First Nations communities and other vulnerable groups who have been largely overlooked.

A system at a crossroads

Australia’s superannuation system is at a pivotal moment. It must transition from a wealth-accumulation machine to the nation’s retirement income provider.

Millions of Australians are now relying on their super fund to guide them through the most financially complex stage of their lives. The latest findings show that, three years after being put on notice, too many funds are not yet meeting that responsibility.

The message for the super industry is simple: supporting retirees is no longer a future priority. As the regulators have made clear, it is the immediate priority, and the time for incremental improvement is over.

The Conversation

Natalie Peng does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organisation that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

ref. Many super funds are still failing retirees, even as millions prepare to stop work – https://theconversation.com/many-super-funds-are-still-failing-retirees-even-as-millions-prepare-to-stop-work-270786

Christmas capers, a creepy clown and war-time stories: what we’re watching in December

Source: The Conversation (Au and NZ) – By Alexa Scarlata, Lecturer, Digital Communication, RMIT University

Netflix, HBO, AppleTV, Stan, ABC, The Conversation

From alien hive minds, to a Fremantle-based crime caper, and a festive heist, this month’s screen picks feature leading characters at their messiest and most spirited.

Vince Gilligan’s Plur1bus offers a darkly comic exploration of what makes us human (while tapping into our fears about AI). Or on a lighter note, we have two fresh entries to the Christmas movie genre – both with their own chaotic twist.

If you’re after something more local, there’s a new series exploring how art shapes our understanding of the wartime years or a crime show set under the blue skies of Western Australia. So grab a cuppa and get stuck in!

Reckless

SBS On Demand

When we meet them driving home from a family wedding late one night, it’s clear siblings Charlie (Hunter Page-Lochard) and June (Tasma Walton) already have a pretty dysfunctional relationship.

But things come to a head when Charlie accidentally hits and kills a man, and June insists they try and cover up the whole thing. They have too much to lose if they come clean, she argues. There’s really no choice but to act recklessly.

Other characters won’t let the siblings’ secret lie. One standout is the magnetic (and often hilarious) private investigator Roddy (Clarence Ryan), who has chosen this case to climb out of a drunken stupor and prove himself.

Written and executive produced by Kodie Bedford and directed by Beck Cole – both Indigenous creators – this four-part series purposefully leans into and succeeds in representing flawed and complicated contemporary First Nations characters.

I didn’t find myself hoping the siblings would get away with their crime, especially as they grew more desperate and foolish in their efforts to cover it up. Yet they are relatable. You can understand why June is so headstrong and defensive when you meet her wife Kate (Jane Harber), who is paranoid about past indiscretions and tracks June’s phone.

The series is also worth watching just for for the blue skies, local pubs and ocean views of Fremantle, a part of Australia we rarely get to see onscreen.

– Alexa Scarlata




Read more:
Dodgy characters, dangerous twists: Reckless is the new crime series putting Freo on the map


After the Hunt

Prime Video

Maggie (Ayo Edebiri) is a queer, millennial, black woman (coded Gen-Z at times) who is portrayed to be at best a mediocre student or at worst a plagiarist. Her PhD supervisor and mentor, Alma (Julia Roberts), struggles with pressures of modern academia: teaching, publishing and campus politics. Her remedies are copious amounts of red wine and (illegal) pain prescription pills.

With tenure just in sight, Maggie files an accusation of sexual assault against Hank (Andrew Garfield), Alma’s close colleague and confidante. Generational conflict plays out on Yale’s Beinecke Library plaza where Alma calls out Maggie’s “accidental privilege” and performative modes of “discomfort” through a lens of identity politics.

But Maggie’s family are benefactors to Yale and, with dwindling government support, private philanthropy keeps the lights on. In these new campus films the university itself is a key character – and its traits are found wanting.

In After the Hunt, a new entry in the Dark Academia genre, the phrase “the crisis of higher education” – typically a news heading – is repurposed as character dialogue. The Dean tells Alma “optics” matter most.

While Agnes and Alma ultimately succeed in their tenure as professors, it feels a hollow victory.

Alex Munt




Read more:
‘Dark Academia’ romanticises a gothic higher education aesthetic. The modern institution is ethically closer to grey


Jingle Bell Heist

Netflix

Jingle Bell Heist – one of the latest additions to the Netflix Christmas movie boom kicked off by likes of The Princess Switch (2018) and The Christmas Chronicles (2018) – holds its own against these other classics of the streaming era.

Its premise is interesting and original (but not too interesting and original, which can be a problem for a Christmas film). And it is sustained by a carefree, goofily upbeat tone that embraces the dagginess of the genre, with enough sentimentality to thaw the frostiest of hearts without inducing reflux.

Sophia (Olivia Holt) is a cheerful American shopgirl in an upmarket London department store frequented by the kinds of people who differentiate between types of cashmere. The store is owned by the crooked, Scrooge-like Mr Sterling (Peter Serafinowicz). Sophia doesn’t mind lifting cash from the odd wallet and moonlights as a bar wench, but all the hard work and larceny are for a good cause: her sick mother needs a bone marrow transplant sooner than the NHS waitlist will allow.

When tech-wiz Nick (Connor Swindells) – a criminal and father with a heart of gold – approaches her about knocking over Sterling’s personal safe, an entirely predictable, but nonetheless satisfying, string of events is set into motion. While it’s no Reindeer Games (2000), Jingle Bell Heist is surprisingly well-made. It’s an effectively low-key British Christmas caper comedy, with Holt delightful as the lead.

And if you dig a little deeper, it also explores the cost of living pressures people face in a neoliberal metropolis.

– Ari Mattes

Plur1bus

Apple TV

In Vince Gilligan’s new show, Plur1bus, an alien-made “virus” comes to Earth and begins to infect everyone. While the infected are physically untouched, they are stripped of emotion and individual consciousness. They become part of a single “hive mind”. (This plot might sound familiar if you’ve seen Don Siegel’s 1956 film Invasion of the Body Snatchers).

In episode one we meet Carol Sturka (Rhea Seehorn), a cynical, alcoholic romance novelist living in Albuquerque, New Mexico. After an alien DNA sequence infects almost everyone on Earth, Carol ends up as one of 11 unaffected survivors in the whole world. The infected become entirely happy and helpful – seemingly harmless. Carol might be the last miserable person left alive.

Plur1bus almost asks to be read as allegory. Viewers have been quick to point out eerie similarities with concerns about artificial intelligence (AI). Gilligan packs the show with images of all human innerness and knowledge massed into a single entity. With the exception of Carol and some fellow survivors, every character is, in a sense, no character at all – just the outer appearance of an individual, behind which lies a fabricated synthesis of everyone else.

What does it mean to be moved by signs of feeling coming from a being that is not a person at all? What does it mean to outsource our expressions of self to an inhuman consciousness? What would we become?

Fortunately, with Plur1bus, we can appreciate a depth of inventive insight that remains, for now, only human.

– Elliott Logan




Read more:
Vince Gilligan’s sci-fi series Plur1bus taps into our greatest fears about AI


IT: Welcome to Derry

HBO Max

It: Welcome to Derry is an entertaining and well-made prequel to Andy Muschietti’s recent two-part film adaptation of Stephen King’s 1986 novel, which follows a group of friends as they attempt to defeat an evil cosmic entity that emerges every 27-ish years to feed off the fears of the people of Derry, Maine.

Like the original, It: Welcome to Derry focuses on a ragtag bunch of outsiders, played by some immensely talented young actors, as they try to understand and contain the evil. The show is clear in its tone and intentions, turning up the pastel-toned nostalgia of small-town America, circa 1960, to the point of near parody.

In contrast, real-world horrors swirl around the group: entrenched racism against Black and Indigenous Americans, Cold War paranoia, adolescent cruelty, isolation, and grief. We also get to see the films’ backstory fleshed out in a creative and satisfying manner.

Certain elements do feel a bit repetitive, drawing from a now-familiar playbook in streaming horror, such as the combination of the “kids on bikes” trope and period nostalgia.

Nonetheless, Muschietti’s more-is-more take on visceral horror set pieces means that some elements are genuinely unsettling. Pennywise the killer clown (played again by Bill Skarsgård) takes his time in showing up. While you wait, watch out for some wonderfully monstrous pickle jars (yes, that’s right) in episode two.

– Erin Harrington

A Merry Little Ex-Mas

Netflix

It’s always a delight to see Alicia Silverstone light up the screen. In Netflix’s latest Christmas offering, A Merry Little Ex-Mas, she brings both energy and gravitas to the role of Kate – recently divorced woman whose children are on the verge of adulthood, and who is ready to turn her back on an unfulfilling past and begin a new chapter.

Kate is frustrated about the sacrifices she’s had to make while her ex-husband, Everett (Oliver Hudson), pursued his career as a doctor. She is also resentful that Everett has already found a new love with the glamorous Tess (Jameela Jamil). But soon that frustration turns to jealousy, and Kate begins to long for the life she’s on the verge of giving up, with predictable “romantic” results.

Some of the funniest moments in the film come from the side characters: Everett’s dads who run a hardware store; Kate’s daughter’s boyfriend who loves Harry Potter a little too much; and Kate’s very handsome love interest, Chet, who works at the Christmas tree market.

But A Merry Little Ex-Mas does attempt a surprisingly feminist resolution: Kate (rather than Tess) reaps the benefits of Everett’s recognition of his past errors, and her fresh start, with Everett, begins to look more like the life she’d originally planned.

A Merry Little Ex-Mas is a surprisingly watchable and funny Christmas treat.

– Jessica Gildersleeve

When The War is Over

ABC iView

This five-part series from the ABC explores how art and war work together – or more importantly, what art has taught us about war. Hosted by actor and art enthusiast Rachel Griffiths, it is a beautiful and expectedly sad series, but the education it provides is vital. Covering Gallipoli, Vietnam, Afghanistan, Changi and the Australian Wars, the consistent theme, as Griffiths repeats, is about how “art serves as resistance”.

While there’s no need to watch the episodes in order, each one tends to draw you in to explore more. While much of the official histories of the events tend to be male-dominated, the series’ balanced inclusion of female artists and perspectives shows how art helps to uncover the depth of war’s impact, including families left behind, or those who lived with soldiers who returned home broken.

The episode on Vietnam unpacking the anthems “Khe Sanh” and “I Was Only 19” is particularly impactful, as is episode five on the Australian Wars and the continued presence of First Nations perspectives that have yet to be more widely understood.

While academics might see this as media studies 101, for general audiences it is a reminder of the value of popular arts in shaping how and what we know (or think we know) about war. As Griffiths says, these artists are “war heroes without weapons but with just imagination”.

– Liz Giuffre

The Conversation

The authors do not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organisation that would benefit from this article, and have disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

ref. Christmas capers, a creepy clown and war-time stories: what we’re watching in December – https://theconversation.com/christmas-capers-a-creepy-clown-and-war-time-stories-what-were-watching-in-december-270879

Liam Lawson to remain in Formula 1 in 2026 – report

Source: Radio New Zealand

Racing Bulls driver Liam Lawson arrives in the paddock ahead of the 2025 Las Vegas Grand Prix AFP

Reports in Europe say New Zealand driver Liam Lawson will remain in Formula 1 in 2026.

Red Bull will announce their driver lineups for Red Bull and Racing Bulls on Tuesday local time (Wednesday NZ time).

Lawson’s Racing Bulls team-mate Isack Hadjar has said that he has a seat for next year but would not say in which team.

The Frenchman is expected to join Max Verstappen at Red Bull.

Autosport.com is reporting that Arvid Lindblad will be promoted from F2 into one of the Racing Bulls seats, leaving Lawson and Yuki Tsunoda fighting for the other seat.

The Dutch publication De Telegraaf is reporting that Lawson will be retained, leaving Tsunoda without a full-time race seat in 2026.

It has been a turbulent year for Lawson who started his first full season in F1 in Red Bull before being demoted after two races.

The 23-year-old spent the rest of the season fighting for points and his survival.

He finished ninth in Qatar last weekend, his seventh points finish of the season and he sits 14th in the Drivers’ Championship.

Red Bull will end their relationship with Honda in 2026 and develop their own power units with help from Ford.

Honda have been a long time supporter of Tsunoda and Autosport reports that the Japanese racer could become the team’s reserve driver.

Tsunoda has been in F1 since 2021.

– Published by EveningReport.nz and AsiaPacificReport.nz, see: MIL OSI in partnership with Radio New Zealand

Relying on forestry for carbon removal is placing ‘eggs in one basket’, MPs warned

Source: Radio New Zealand

Climate Change Commission chief executive Jo Hendy. RNZ / Dom Thomas

Relying on trees to offset New Zealand’s emissions years into the future is putting “a significant number of eggs in one basket”, the Climate Change Commission chair has warned politicians.

New trees would need to be “in the ground” within a couple of years and could still be destroyed by forest fire or extreme weather events – wiping out their carbon savings.

Appearing before Parliament’s environment select committee on Monday, commission chief executive Jo Hendy was questioned about the “significant risks” the commission identified earlier this year when it came to meeting the country’s emissions budgets.

Emissions budgets are set by the government, taking into account advice from the commission.

They establish the total net emissions the country can produce over a five-year period and still keep its domestic and international climate goals on track.

In its annual emissions monitoring report released earlier this year, the commission said there were risks to meeting the second budget (2026-30) and third budget (2031-35).

One of those risks was relying on forest removals of carbon dioxide to meet nearly half of the 2031-35 emissions budget.

Green Party climate change spokesperson Chlöe Swarbrick. RNZ / Samuel Rillstone

In response to questioning from Green Party climate change spokesperson Chlöe Swarbrick, Hendy said there were two main implications of that approach.

“The first implication is you need those forests in the ground quickly for that carbon to then start sequestering,” she said.

“The other is risks around things like fires and storms – you know, another Cyclone Gabrielle taking a big hit out of that forestry. Then you’ll be faced with a difficult situation where you might not be able to meet the budget.”

Researchers have started to warn that many of the natural carbon sinks that society relies on to soak up emissions are now sometimes releasing more carbon than they absorb.

Swarbrick asked Hendy if she could explain the commission’s remarks that “the reliance on forests for a large proportion of emissions reduction is likely to increase the long-term cost of meeting the 2050 target and increase impacts on future generations”.

That was because using forestry to offset emissions created less of an incentive for businesses and communities to limit the amount of greenhouse gases produced in the first place, Hendy said.

“As a result, we don’t get as much decarbonisation in the economy.

“When you don’t get as much decarbonisation in the economy – what we’re talking about is electrification of industry, for example – you are missing out on those economic benefits of reduced costs.”

The commission has long recommended that New Zealand “decarbonise where possible”.

“Relying heavily on forestry might help Aotearoa meet its 2050 emissions reduction targets but it would make maintaining net zero long-lived emissions beyond that date more difficult,” it told the previous government in 2021.

“It would delay people taking actions that reduce gross emissions, lead to higher cumulative emissions and push the burden of addressing gross emissions on to future generations.”

Tougher methane target was feasible, affordable, achievable

The committee also asked Hendy about the government’s decision to revise New Zealand’s 2050 methane emissions target.

In October, the government said it would scrap previous plans to introduce agricultural emissions pricing by 2030, and would pass legislation to lower the 2050 methane target from a 24-47 percent reduction from 2017 levels, to a 14-24 percent reduction, in line with a ‘no additional warming’ policy.

National MP Grant McCallum. RNZ / Samuel Rillstone

National MP Grant McCallum, a Northland beef and dairy farmer, asked what the impact would be on the rural sector if the current target was retained, if there was no technology available to help farmers reduce their methane emissions.

“One of the key considerations when we do our scenario work for emissions budgets is impact on rural communities,” Hendy said.

“We found that it was a feasible and affordable and technically achievable, in our previous emissions budget advice at the end of last year.”

The upper end of the range could be achieved with new technologies, while the 24 percent low end of the range was based on technology that was already available, and changes to farming practices.

There was a “good pipeline” of methane-inhibiting technology, she said.

“The key point will be making sure that it can be deployed on farms.

“Not necessarily every tool will work on every farm. It’s really about making sure that farmers are enabled to work with the tools that work for them.”

McCallum asked Hendy and commission chair Dame Patsy Reddy twice about whether New Zealand should remain a signatory to the Paris Agreement.

“Does the commission have a view or has it given any consideration to the cause of some people who think we should pull out of the Paris Accord [sic]?”

Part of the commission’s mandate was based on the agreement, Dame Patsy said.

“It’s not our place to have a view.”

Prime Minister Christopher Luxon has repeatedly said the government was committed to the Paris Agreement and New Zealand’s emissions targets, despite a push from coalition partner ACT to leave the pact.

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– Published by EveningReport.nz and AsiaPacificReport.nz, see: MIL OSI in partnership with Radio New Zealand

Calls for yellow-legged hornet trapping in Auckland to be widened

Source: Radio New Zealand

123rf

The battlelines have been drawn in Biosecurity New Zealand’s war against the yellow-legged hornet, but there’s some suggestion they should be widened before a population takes hold.

Currently, trapping has been extended out to a five kilometre radius around the concentration of the hornet detections in Auckland’s Glenfield and Birkdale, using a combination of carbohydrate and protein traps.

To date, there have been 29 confirmed queen hornets found (based on specimens), according to Biosecurity New Zealand.

The agency said 19 of the 29 confirmed queen hornets were found with either developed nests or evidence of nesting. 

Additionally, seven worker hornets were found in nests.

Northland conservationist Brad Windust said authorities need to look at casting the net wider to 30km ahead of summer.

He said the coming months were pivotal for the goal of eradication and the prevention of the hornets spreading to other regions.

“We need to give out thousands of traps to people in a 30km radius with clear instructions and bait.

“It will only take two queens to fly outside the current 5km radius monitoring area they have at the moment and we would have lost it because each queen after she makes her nest drops hundreds of queens in the autumn and they can disperse up to 28km.

“We also want them to give out Vespa catch traps to all the beekeepers and orchardists in the North Island as a monitoring tool, because there’s a real chance that some of these hornets got moved while they were hibernating in the winter last year.”

Biosecurity New Zealand north commissioner Mike Inglis said the fact they were finding more hornets showed surveillance efforts were working.

He said they’d adjust their hornet response activities, including extending the trapping radius, where required based on their technical advisory group (TAG) advice alongside the input of our own experts.

“The 5km tapping radius was decided on based on advice from the TAG. It is a multi-prong scientific approach to trapping, as guided by our international experts with actual on-the-ground experience managing the pest. However, our public awareness push extends throughout the country.

“We have a national advertising campaign in the market urging the public to report suspected sightings. We are asking residents to check their properties for any hornets or nests and providing information where to look, including how to make and monitor your own trap.

“We are also working closely with the bee industry, including enhanced hive surveillance and we have produced a series of key documents for beekeepers around trapping, surveillance and reporting. All of that information is also available on our website.”

Inglis said on-the-ground surveillance was an important tool for detecting hornets and had been expanded since the beginning of the response.

“We have increased the number of traps by more than five times from the early numbers, to more than 600 and we are adding additional traps as more hornets are found. We are also doing property-by-property searches within 200 metres of confirmed finds. We’ve done more than 2200 property checks for hornets and nests and that number grows every day,” he said.

Inglis said genetic testing indicated the hornets were closely related, suggesting a small, contained population.

Victoria University entomologist Phil Lester said Biosecurity New Zealand were acting appropriately with their action around trapping and searching areas for ground nests.

“I think the ground teams that are working from MPI are doing a really good job. So clearly they’re finding this, they’re putting a lot of effort into it.

“They’ve increased the amount of people that are on the task and are doing well, but I think we probably need to have more people out there, more boots on the ground to be able to look for these hornets and get them while we can.”

Lester said authorities will need to change tact ahead of the summer months.

“Having traps out, having people looking for nests and workers is awesome.

“In addition, at that stage let’s do the hunting for nests up the top of trees and that sort of thing where they’ll be at that time. So the tipping point really comes at, well, we’ve got to spend, hopefully get them all this summer.”

Lester said it was difficult to know just how far the pests may have travelled since arriving in Auckland.

He said the 5km radius advice at the moment is based on international advice that Biosecurity have had.

“There’s lots of work overseas that is looking at how quickly does an invasion front move, so that work is where the 30km to 80km to 100km comes from and that’s where you’ve got a whole bunch of nests that are sending out new queens every autumn that are going some distance.

“We’re not in that situation. So we’re in a situation where we’ve probably got one nest that sent out some queens last autumn.

“So how far have they moved? That’s the big sort of question that is kind of unknown.”

He said even if authorities were unable to complete eradication this summer, it’s not too late.

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– Published by EveningReport.nz and AsiaPacificReport.nz, see: MIL OSI in partnership with Radio New Zealand

Lawyers criticise ministry’s advice to Fisheries Minister Shane Jones on set net fishing

Source: Radio New Zealand

A hoiho or yellow-eyed penguin. Supplied / Catlins Tours

Lawyers representing a charity calling for more protection for the hoiho, or yellow-eyed penguin, have criticised advice on set net fishing given to the fisheries minister.

In October the Environmental Law Initiative (ELI) filed High Court proceedings against the Minister for Oceans and Fisheries Shane Jones over the set net ban, which it said failed to protect hoiho from the risk of extinction.

Jones announced in mid-September the set net fishery around the Otago Peninsula would close for three months, with public consultation on long-term bycatch measures to protect hoiho carried out during the closure period.

The three-month emergency closure extended the existing four nautical mile set net ban, which was in place to protect dolphins, out to eight nautical miles.

However, the extension only applied to waters surrounding the Otago Peninsula, leaving other key hoiho habitats unprotected, ELI argued.

Those habitats included North Otago and Stewart Island.

Monday’s judicial review at the High Court in Wellington came in the wake of a hoiho being caught near Stewart Island over the weekend.

David Bullock, representing the charity, said the nub of his case was that the minister was not told about limitations with the studies given to him by officials when considering the September ban.

Minister for Oceans and Fisheries Shane Jones. RNZ / Samuel Rillstone

Bullock made the argument officials could have told Jones that whilst they had focused on the Otago Peninsula, he may wish to consider a wider area due to a lack of data and given it was known the hoiho had been caught in other areas.

Justice David Boldt noted the government workers had to give their advice in a condensed time period and the minister made the decision when he did in September because it was the hoiho’s breeding season.

The crown was represented by Nicholai Anderson, who told the court that the ban was put in place in a hurry and was a temporary measure while a long-term solution was sorted out.

He said the modelling the minister did recieve was highly sophisticated and was limited only because it related to adult penguins and not juvenile birds.

The hearing continues.

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– Published by EveningReport.nz and AsiaPacificReport.nz, see: MIL OSI in partnership with Radio New Zealand

How leadership challenges happen in New Zealand politics

Source: Radio New Zealand

Prime Minister Christopher Luxon, centre, with (clockwise from top right), former prime ministers Jacinda Ardern, Chris Hipkins, Mike Moore, David Lange, Bill English and John Key. Many have faced leadership challenges or chose to resign and hand over to a successor. RNZ file images / 123rf

Explainer – ‘Tis the season for political speculation, as pundits attempt to predict the future of National and Labour party leaders.

What happens when political parties decide it’s time to launch a challenge against their leadership? As one expert describes, it can trigger a “Shakespearean” battle for power.

To be clear, there’s been absolutely no sign there will be a leadership change for National or Labour at this moment in time.

But persistent murmurs about Prime Minister Christopher Luxon’s leadership have increased in recent weeks, with senior MP Chris Bishop having to deny he was plotting to roll Luxon, while the Sunday Star-Times on the weekend featured a story by national affairs editor Andrea Vance calling recent actions by Bishop a “failed coup”.

Chris Bishop, left, has dismissed rumours he sought Prime Minister Christopher Luxon’s job. RNZ / Samuel Rillstone

Luxon’s poll rating as preferred prime minister was under 20 percent in September’s RNZ/Reid poll and the government’s performance rating hit a new low in the recent IPSOS Issues Survey.

But does that all actually add up to a possible leadership challenge before next year’s election?

New Zealand history is filled with dramatic moments when confidence in a party leader has dropped and a leadership challenge is held. They’ve even happened to sitting prime ministers.

Here’s how leadership challenges tend to work.

Christopher Luxon was named National Party leader in late 2021. Supplied / National Party

How does a leadership change happen?

It’s as simple as a member of the party caucus calling for a no-confidence vote in its leader. If the party heads up the government, that could mean a change in prime minister if the vote succeeds.

For the National Party, it’s a straightforward majority rule vote by the party’s MPs.

“Formally, in the case of the National Party the decision rests with the caucus (which the party’s constitution refers to as the ‘Parliamentary Section’), which can move at any time to replace the leader (who must then be approved by the board),” Massey University professor of politics Richard Shaw said.

The Labour Party caucus also can directly vote for its new leaders, but if it doesn’t make a decision within seven days, it gets turned over to their electoral college – a combination of the caucus, party members and unions – to decide.

Prospective leaders must also get a two-thirds majority in the Labour caucus vote, or it’s also off to the electoral college.

The caucus room vote totals in leadership elections are generally not made public.

“Any member of caucus could go to a caucus meeting and in theory give notice that they’d like to move that the caucus has no confidence in a leader,” said Chris Eichbaum, adjunct professor at the School of Government at Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington.

“If you were in a splendid isolation of one that wouldn’t last long,” however, he noted.

A successful leadership challenge is all about building up the votes.

This process can play out in the media – witness how many columns and hot takes have been published in the past few months speculating about the prospects of Chris Bishop, Education Minister Erica Stanford or Finance Minister Nicola Willis – but it also plays out behind the scenes at Parliament, said Eichbaum.

“It is incredibly Shakespearean – it is covert, it’s behind the scenes, there’s speculation, and then something will happen to turn speculation into substance. And if it’s a serious challenge, that’s where people start doing the numbers.

“It tends to be part of the choreography of it that once it becomes known that there is a move afoot to unseat then essentially it’s a matter of the candidates, the incumbent and the challenger sort of doing the votes.

“… One of his allies or it could even be one of the party whips, they may present the prime minister with a list saying: ‘Prime minister, you simply don’t have the votes.’”

Prime Minister Jim Bolger. AFP

Has a sitting prime minister ever been rolled?

Several New Zealand prime ministers have resigned after facing leadership challenges, although the last time it happened was nearly 30 years ago when Jenny Shipley mounted a challenge against the late Prime Minister Jim Bolger in 1997. Bolger resigned before a vote was taken, a tactic which has generally proven to be the case instead of prime ministers being forced out by a vote.

Other prime ministers in relatively recent times who stepped down include Sir Geoffrey Palmer, who resigned and was replaced by Mike Moore prior to the 1990 election, or David Lange who resigned in 1988 after unsuccessful challenges to his leadership.

Eichbaum worked in the Beehive as an executive assistant at the time that Sir Geoffrey faced a challenge by his Cabinet, and then went on to work as a senior advisor for Helen Clark.

“Palmer went about six weeks out from the 1990 election,” he said. “But the issue was never taken to the caucus – where he may well have enjoyed majority support – because essentially, reflecting polling that indicated some Cabinet members were at risk of losing their seats, he was told that he didn’t enjoy the confidence of his cabinet or sufficient of them. His erstwhile senior colleague Mike Moore made no secret of his willingness to assume the role.”

Mike Moore, Geoffrey Palmer and David Lange being sworn into cabinet, 1984. All three would become prime minister for a time. Supplied

And then there’s leaders who stood down after losing an election like Helen Clark, or resigned for other reasons like Sir John Key and Dame Jacinda Ardern.

“Clark stepped aside because she had lost an election, and Key and Ardern left because they had calculated that their parties stood a better chance of the next election without them,” Shaw said.

“A leadership change can occur for all sorts of reasons, some of which are internal to a political party and its sense of momentum and/or the need for a new sense of energy and direction.”

Luxon isn’t the only party leader who has been subject to leadership speculation.

Former Prime Minister Chris Hipkins has remained Labour’s leader after losing the 2023 election and made no indication he plans to leave before next year’s election, although there has still been media speculation about what a change at the top might mean for Labour’s chances.

Of course, there have been heaps of leadership changes to parties outside government – the National Party went through a run of four leaders after Key resigned in 2016 until Luxon became leader in 2021, including Todd Muller’s mere 53 days at the helm, while Labour also went through four leaders between Clark and Ardern.

In Parliament on the day David Lange, left, stepped down as Prime Minister, with Geoffrey Palmer sitting beside him, 1989. National Library / Ray Pigney / Dominion Post

Do different parties have different rules?

There’s no overall guideline for leadership challenges in New Zealand politics, which are left to parties to set the rules.

For instance, the Green Party allows leadership challenges to be put forward by party delegates, such as a series of unsuccessful challenges in 2021 and 2022 to former co-leader James Shaw’s co-leadership.

The Labour Party has changed how it allows votes a few times, and from 2012 to 2021 it allowed party members, the caucus and unions to decide every leadership vote. That could result in clashing priorities, as with 2014’s leadership election, Eichbaum said.

“The most recent case involved Andrew Little and Grant Robertson, where the MPs’ preferred candidate was not the person that became the party leader.

“That was the case with Grant Robertson who was preferred by his caucus but because the broader party had basically a vote in the proceedings by dint of the arrangements they have, Andrew Little was able to come in over the top.”

Of course, facing grim polling, Little himself stepped down in 2017 just seven weeks before an election, and Deputy Leader Ardern went on to become New Zealand’s 40th prime minister.

Jacinda Ardern with Andrew Little. RNZ / Dom Thomas

What can trigger a leadership change? Is it just about the polls?

Parties can roll their leaders in disagreements over policy, and it’s been known to happen.

“Polling/public sentiment can, of course, be major drivers, but there have also been instances – and I think the 1996-1998 National/NZ First government was a case in point – in a party where a caucus and a cabinet will feel that a change is due regardless of the public’s views,” Shaw said.

But these days, a lot is still driven by how they’re doing in the polls. Blame the influence of American presidential-style politics and the increasing spotlight shown on leadership – polls now typically include preferred party vote side-by-side with preferred prime minister picks.

“It’s polling twinned with a presidentialisation of politics,” Eichbaum said. “Leadership has always been important, but it’s been elevated now.

“Because of the frequency of polling around leadership, the nature of the polling going into the attributes of the leader just becomes much, much more salient. There’s a machine out there and the raw material is what we think about a leader.”

Jacinda Ardern with Chris Hipkins and Grant Robertson in 2021.

But polls still aren’t the only factor, Shaw said.

“While polling and public sentiment are clearly important, there are institutional filters – including the party organisation, caucus and cabinet – which mean that the line from opinion polls to a leadership change is neither straight nor straightforward.”

While being removed as leader could be seen as humiliating, Eichbaum said leaders often have a fair bit of leverage in the process.

“There’s an element of decorum and dignity quite often which is unusual in politics. At times, they say: ‘Okay, what’s in the best interest in the party in this situation?’

“He or she may well say ‘All right, I will resign, but I want these things to occur,’” he said.

Leaders could also be heavily involved in tapping their preferred successor, such as when Sir Bill English replaced Key.

How a prime minister manages their caucus – particularly if it’s large – also matters. Every vote counts in a leadership race, whether it’s a senior MP or an obscure back-bencher.

One of the roles of a prime minister is “basic HR,” Eichbaum said.

“A very, very good prime minister will make a point of staying very close to his or her caucus and also meeting with backbenchers on a regular basis.”

Luxon told reporters recently he had “no concerns” for those National MPs who could lose their jobs on current polling, explaining he was confident all its MPs would return after the election.

Still, fears for marginal seats or list MPs can also play a role in being rolled. “If you’re one of those (at-risk) MPs, how do you feel?” Eichbaum asked, describing the “creeping incremental insecurity” that has emerged to fuel previous challenges.

Prime Minister Jenny Shipley with Winston Peters. AFP

What happens if the government is a coalition and the leader is rolled?

The nature of a coalition requires cooperation. In the 1996-1998 National/NZ First government, the coalition crumbled in 1998 when Prime Minister Jenny Shipley sacked Winston Peters from cabinet. Peters and NZ First had gone into government with Bolger, who was rolled by Shipley. Only a small group of independent MPs held the government together until the 1999 election.

“The interesting thing about what happened with Bolger, and I think this raises issues in the current context, is how its coalition partner reacted to Bolger being rolled,” Shaw said. “I don’t recall there being a significant public outcry, but there certainly was a significant response from NZF.”

The current three-headed Coalition of NZ First, ACT and the National Party could also create issues if Luxon were replaced.

“Hypothetically, therefore, were the National Party to seriously entertain removing Luxon as party leader, the fact that he is also the prime minister gives the ACT and NZF parties some stake in the issue as well,” Shaw said.

“In other words, in cases of coalition government the issue of the party leader is necessarily an issue for the government’s constituent partners.

“Any destabilisation of a coalition government’s major player, it’s going to be of deep interest to the coalition’s minor players.”

The current coalition government consists of National, ACT and New Zealand First. RNZ / Samuel Rillstone

Don’t the public get any say in these things?

We elect our local electorate MPs and choose our preferred party when we vote, but the public doesn’t get to choose what might happen inside the Beehive after Election Day.

Still, how the public may react to leadership changes is key.

“The optics of these things are also important and that’s a consideration,” Eichbaum said.

For instance, Australia went through five prime ministers in 10 years in a series of leadership spills creating what was called “a decade of disposable prime ministers.”

“Is the party going to get a bump in the polls as a result of a person going? What’s it doing to the perception or the perception of the party as the kind of viable governing force if we are seen as a house divided against itself and we can’t hold on to a prime minister?”

And of course, there’s also this factoid – any time in the past 50 years or so that a prime minister has resigned mid-term, their party has gone on to lose the next general election.

Eichbaum said current talk about leadership challenges is largely fuelled by the media, but in the end, it really all comes down to what happens inside party caucuses.

“A very well-executed leadership spill of course – this is where Shakespeare comes back in – you know, you’re not going to see it coming.”

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– Published by EveningReport.nz and AsiaPacificReport.nz, see: MIL OSI in partnership with Radio New Zealand

Ikea opening day: Nearby businesses preparing for mayhem

Source: Radio New Zealand

In Auckland, businesses near the new Ikea store are steeling themselves for a stampeed to the homeware giant’s opening on Thursday.

Traffic experts have run their numbers and expect crowds of up to 20,000 a day, with a 40-minute crawl on the nearby motorway and another 40 to find a car park.

Ikea’s three-storey blue box consumes a whole block at Mt Wellington, with 544 carparks, close to 37 bike racks and 28 motorbike bays – for those not taking home the flat packs.

Just a few doors down, Cloud 777 Cafe manager Vicky John is expecting local roads to be a jam.

“I know it’s going to be hectic around this little area, it’s already crazy as it is. With Ikea opening it’s just going to create more traffic jams.”

RNZ / Marika Khabazi

She starts work at 5am and is worried traffic will be bad when she finishes mid-afternoon.

They’re already serving customers who work at Ikea, who describe the 34,000 square metre store as gigantic.

“It’s next level off the charts. A lot of the staff that are working in there are my customers, so the builders, the electricians are coming in and they’re already telling me it’s next level.”

A strip of retailers across the road from the new-comer are preparing to guard their customer carparks – Ikea’s carpark opens at 8.30am on Thursday, the store opens at 11am.

An extra carpark will be available to manage overflows in Ikea’s parking lot to accommodate another 400 vehicles nearby, on Carbine Road.

Ikea said it’s not possible to camp in their carpark and anyone attempting an overnighter will be moved on.

Computer Lounge sales director Alex van der Linde said he’ll be leaving home at least an hour earlier than usual to try to beat traffic.

“We’re all prepared to be coming in early and just accounting for the additional traffic, I anticipate that the majority of Carbine Road is going to be on gridlock for most of the day.”

Supplied/IKEA

He said they hope to get a boost in business from Ikea customers.

“We expect that we’ll have a lot more eyes on our business as people are driving past, even though they’re obviously going to Ikea. We’re doing what we can to expose ourselves a little bit more to the street, working on signage, that sort of thing.”

Next door, Rock Shop branch manager Michael Greenwood said he’ll still drive to work.

“I’ll be allowing myself quite a bit of extra time to get to work, especially in the first week of it opening when there will be a lot of people wanting to go have a look, everybody at the same time.

“In terms of how it will effect our business, we don’t really know. It may impact us for a period of time but it will also, in the longer term, benefit us.”

Auckland Transport’s operations centre will be a hive of activity when Ikea opens and manager Claire Howard said anyone heading to Ikea’s opening should expect delays.

“Around that Mt Wellington area it is already a very busy area. We’ve been planning for a large amount of congestion and traffic delays around that Mt Wellington Highway, and around Ikea especially where people are coming into the car parking and coming out.”

RNZ / Marika Khabazi

The motorway interchange at Mt Wellington will be a pinch point.

“Worst case scenario we’re looking at potentially 40 minutes to get off the motorway… and people could spend up to an hour trying to get parking.”

She said they’ve learned from Costco’s opening – and expect Saturdays to be busiest.

Even though she’s a few doors down, John said she won’t be going near Ikea this week.

“It’s just going to be too crazy and being a Thursday, one of our busiest days, and with that opening next door to me there’s just no way we’re going to go.”

Auckland Transport is encouraging people to bus or train to Ikea to avoid traffic delays.

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Tall Blacks coach knew it would take something special to beat them

Source: Radio New Zealand

Australia celebrate their win over New Zealand Tall Blacks. Marty Melville / PHOTOSPORT

Tall Blacks coach Judd Flavell admits he couldn’t have been more proud of his side and knew it would probably need something special to beat them.

Australia beat New Zealand 79-77 in the second game of the World Cup qualifiers in Wellington with Boomers guard Davo Hickey sinking a buzzer beater for the win.

Australia led 23-21 after the first quarter and remained ahead by two at half-time.

Sam Mennenga then took control of the third period and helped the home side to a 62-57 at three-quarter time.

Both sides then traded blows in the final quarter and New Zealand led by one until Hickey’s final shot stole the game for the visitors.

“Very proud of the efforts of our guys. We had our chances, we know that it actually took a shot at the buzzer to beat us,” Flavell said afterwards.

Australia won the opening game 84-79 in Hobart on Friday.

Tall Blacks captain Finn Delany was also proud of his side’s efforts.

“I felt like we did enough to put ourselves in a position to win, but yeah, just couldn’t get over the line.”

“Extremely proud of the group. I think we got a lot of growth in and very short amount of time and pushing the programme forward and it’s bigger picture stuff. But on that side I’m extremely proud of Judd and the management and the boys that chose to be here.”

Tall Blacks after loss to Australia, Wellington, 2025. Marty Melville / PHOTOSPORT

Mennenga finished with 16 points and six rebounds.

The team’s focus will soon shift to February window where the team will travel to the Philippines and Guam for their next round of qualifying.

“As we start to build, and it hurts now, but these experiences will help us grow,” Flavell said.

“Our goal is to try to keep as many guys connected as possible as we look forward to the Philippines who we know very well and are going to be a tough outfit.

“There’s so much growth and development left as a team, so it’s exciting for the Tall Blacks in the future and what that looks like.”

The Philippines had two big wins over Guam in their opening games.

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Charter School Agency reveals enrolment numbers after telling schools to keep figures under wraps

Source: Radio New Zealand

File photo. There are 427 students enrolled in the country’s eight charter schools. Unsplash

The Charter School Agency has revealed there are 427 students enrolled in the eight charter schools.

The number of enrolments has been kept under wraps after the agency told the privately-run, state-funded schools not to reveal their numbers while they were still setting up.

But at the agency’s annual review before Parliament’s Education and Workforce Select Committee, outgoing chief executive, Jane Lee, said in September there were 427 students across eight schools.

“We have schools that have a range of in-between 30 right through to over 100 students and what we see, because we do collect attendance and enrolment data, what we can see is a trajectory of increased rolls,” she said.

Lee said most of the schools would reach the number of students agreed in their contracts.

“At the end of this year most of those schools, if not all, will be at their establishment rolls.”

Lee appeared before the committee on her final day of work as the agency’s establishment CEO.

She said information about students’ achievement and attendance would be published in May next year.

“We have collected interim data and what we can see from that interim data is that most students have made sufficient rates of progress and in some cases accelerated rates of progress,” Lee said.

Earlier, Lee indicated there was nothing to stop a repeat of the situation faced recently by Kelston Boys High.

The school was the target of an attempted conversion to charter status by an outside group, the Bangerz Education and Wellbeing Trust.

Lee said applications for conversion had to demonstrate to the Charter School Authorisation Board that they had community support.

“During that application process, Kelston could demonstrate that they had support from parts of their community, which the authorisation board took into account,” she said.

“The next part of that process… was to undertake their own consultation process and that is one of the stop measures to ensure there is full community backing. If there isn’t full community backing it is very unlikely that the authorisation board would approve the applicant to come to contracting.”

Lee faced questions about the agency’s error in signing a contract for a charter school with a trust that did not exist.

“When the authorisation board approved the sponsor for contracting there was an error through the contracting process where the trust changed its name so it was an administrative error,” she said.

“Therefore we contracted with an entity that did not exist because they had changed their name part-way through.”

Lee said the agency had since introduced “further robust processes” to ensure the contracting sponsor was the sponsor all the way through the contract process.

Agency staff told the committee the schools’ sponsors received $10.9 million in 2024/25 including $6.3m in one-off establishment funding, and $4.6m in operational funding.

It said much of the operational funding was based on the schools’ “establishment roll”, which was the number of students they expected to have after five school terms of operation.

The agency said charter schools were given just a year to set themselves up, whereas some state schools were funded for establishment for three years.

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Health NZ and nurses union at loggerheads over strike plan

Source: Radio New Zealand

New Zealand Nurses Organisation strike on 28 November. RNZ / Samuel Rillstone

Health NZ has accused nurses of failing to honour their commitment to provide so-called “life preserving services” during a partial strike.

However, the New Zealand Nurses Organisation is blaming Health NZ for rejecting a plan for dedicated on-call staff to cover gaps during their two weeks of “working to rule”.

For the last two weeks, 37,500 thousand nurses, midwives and healthcare assistants employed by Health NZ have been refusing to do extra hours or to be redeployed to other areas.

Whangārei Hospital nurse Rachel Thorn, a union delegate, said before the strike, nurses offered to have a pool of on-call staff available in each region to deliver life-preserving services if required.

That included urgent diagnostic procedures, crisis interventions or treatments.

Instead Health NZ opted for an “emergency plan”, which meant that if all other options had been exhausted, managers had to call a union rep, who would then ask members to volunteer.

“So it was a very sketchy, and I would say pretty dangerous, plan which obviously didn’t work as well as they hoped in some areas, and to be honest, that’s their responsibility.”

It was hard to say why Health NZ had decided not to take up the union offer, Thorn said.

“I can only conclude it was to do with budget, because they would have had to pay people to be on-call. But it wasn’t much, we’re talking $8 a hour.

“They believe – or at least they choose say – that there are enough nurses in the system and we know there aren’t.

“There are so many gaps being plugged by nurses doing ‘goodwill shifts’ to support colleagues and keep patients safe.”

Health NZ manager Robyn Shearer said the agency respected union members’ right to take lawful strike action, “but any refusal to undertake life preserving services creates serious patient-safety risks”.

“We did not support union’s request of having a dedicated pool of members for life preserving services as there is no way to predict staff skills needed for life-preserving services, and the nature of the partial strike action meant that all staff would be on site and available to deliver care.”

“A dedicated pool would also reduce the number of staff available to care for patients and require the cancellation of all elective surgery and outpatient appointments for each shift for a two-week period.”

Because Health NZ and the union were unable to reach agreement, they took the “unprecedented” move of asking the chief medical officers to adjudicate the arrangements for life-preserving services in each district.

Health NZ had also raised concerns with the union about “an unusually high number of staff taking sick leave in some districts”, Shearer said.

Thorn claimed management’s entire plan for the strike relied on the goodwill of nurses – “or business as usual”.

“I would say the sick call increase is nurses feeling exhausted and burned out, and the emergency plan didn’t work out how Health NZ wanted it to. But that’s because they refused to negotiate with us about a safe plan.”

It was “a bit rich” of Health NZ to complain about nurses refusing to plug the holes in its roster during the strike, she said.

“Funnily enough, that’s what the strike was about: to highlight the gaps and not fill them so that Health NZ could actually see where those gaps are. And it’s certainly highlighted the chronic short-staffing.”

In Northland, those gaps were particularly evident in the rural hospitals, the orthopaedic ward, the emergency department, surgery and post-operative care, as well as the neonatal ward, she said.

Health NZ “abusing” nurses’ goodwill – union

Nurses organisation industrial adviser David Wait said the adjudication laid out how Health NZ could request life-preserving services – but it did not trump the right to strike.

“And they knew beforehand that they couldn’t compel members to do that. So they were really abusing the goodwill of nurses by putting in life-preserving services request that undermined the right to strike.”

Wait said Health NZ management had also tried to require nurses calling in sick for one day to produce a medical certificate, which the union overturned.

Meanwhile, the contract dispute drags on, with no more dates for talks set currently.

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NZ facing health crisis from chronic methamphetamine use – emergency doctor

Source: Radio New Zealand

The consequences of chronic methamphetamine use are already visible in hospital wards, and it’s about to get worse, an emergency department doctor says.

Dr Paul Quigley told a symposium on reducing drug harm on Monday the country was facing an impending health crisis on par with smoking-related lung disease.

“We are seeing the chronic effects of drug use, that’s often in terms of mental health – so people developing ongoing forms of schizophrenia – [but] we are now seeing the hard effects of long-term methamphetamine use.

“We’re seeing people with cardiomyopathies, heart failure.” Dr Paul Quigley.

RNZ / Rebekah Parsons-King

Quigley told RNZ methamphetamine was particularly “cardio-toxic”, affecting the heart in two key ways through accelerated ageing and exhaustion.

He said the ageing heart meant heart disease was showing up 10 to 15 years earlier than expected.

“So we’re seeing people in their mid-40s who are regular methamphetamine users having heart attacks as if they’d be in their 60s.”

He said meth also increased people’s heart rate and blood pressure, and sustained use literally “exhausts the heart” resulting in cardiomyopathy (a type of heart failure) and in extreme cases, heart transplants.

Quigley said those most at risk of heart disease weren’t “your weekend warriors”, but almost daily methamphetamine users who’d been using for more than a decade.

He said data showed acute meth use in New Zealand was on the rise and the major concern was the impending burden on the healthcare system and society – a cost already seen in countries where meth use was high.

befunky.com

“You should look at this like smoking. People smoked in the 40s and 50s … then later we had this terrible burden of lung disease from the effects of smoking. And it’s going to be the same.

“If we have increased meth use now, we should be looking at, ‘Well, what’s going to happen in 10 to 15 years time?’

“We’re going to have this much larger population of patients with these heart conditions … and it’s affecting parts of our society that are already struggling.”

The Reducing Drug Harm in Aotearoa Symposium – hosted by the Public Health and Forensic Science Institute – featured a range of experts from the frontline of festival drug checking and wastewater analysis, to the police’s drug intelligence office and international experts on early warning systems for new and harmful drugs.

National Drug Intelligence Bureau analyst Kylie Collins spoke to current and emerging drug trends in New Zealand, highlighting a spike in meth consumption in July 2024 that almost doubled methamphetamine use nationally – and has continued.

Collins said the vast majority of New Zealand’s supply came from overseas and the increased use had coincided with a drop in price for the drug.

She said alongside increasing seizures of the drug, meth-related hospitalisations had also been on the rise.

“However, many hospitalisations stem from chronic or very heavy use. So with the recent increases in meth consumption we expect to see even bigger increases in hospitalisations in years to come.”

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How a student feels his way through NCEA exams for six hours

Source: Radio New Zealand

On the morning of his final NCEA exams, while most students flick straight to page one and start scribbling, Year 13 Hutt Valley High School student Toby Ireland begins by feeling the test.

His right hand hovers over rows of tiny raised dots; his left flies across a compact keyboard-like device. It’s a rhythm he’ll maintain for six hours —three for accounting, three for statistics — reading each question in Braille and typing his answers into a word processor and spreadsheet. When asked to ‘draw’ diagrams, he uses Braille Lego to create tactile versions, which are photographed and added to his answer sheet.

Every printed page of questions usually becomes three in Braille. Fixing a mistake or going back to check an answer means retracing every line on his device.

Toby Ireland can use Braille Lego to create tactile versions of diagrams.

Supplied / Robin Schofield