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Primary teachers consider settlement after drawn-out pay talks

Source: Radio New Zealand

Primary teachers have been in drawn-out pay talks. (File photo) 123rf.com

Primary school teachers are considering a potential settlement of their drawn-out pay talks.

Teachers belonging to union NZEI Te Riu Roa received the offer overnight.

Voting on the offer began on Friday morning and closed at 12pm on Wednesday next week.

It included the same pay rise secondary teachers had accepted – 2.5 percent on 28 December and 2.1 percent a year later.

Management allowances would increase by $700 and the offer no longer included more call-back days requiring teachers to work outside of term time.

The offer was put to members just a day after primary school principals represented by the NZEI rejected a potential settlement of their collective agreement.

The union said its members were unhappy their offer did not include a curriculum change allowance similar to the $15,000 allowance secondary principals won.

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– Published by EveningReport.nz and AsiaPacificReport.nz, see: MIL OSI in partnership with Radio New Zealand

Appeal to backyard beekeepers to be vigilant over yellow-legged hornets

Source: Radio New Zealand

123RF

Hobbyist beekeepers are being asked to stay alert for invasive yellow-legged hornets loitering around their hives.

Biosecurity New Zealand has more than doubled its Auckland surveillance zone from 5 to 11 kilometres.

Auckland Beekeepers Club president Ken Brown said that decision was made because worker hornets were beginning to travel further to hunt.

“Because of the upcoming change in activity, they will be attracted to beehives, so that is part of why it’s so important the hobbyists are involved at this stage to observe the hives to see the worker hornets,” he said.

“Workers will start to then be foraging and predating on other insects and also beehives, the hornets will be what we call ‘hawking’ so instead of going into the hive and getting the bees they will be outside and capturing them.”

Yellow-legged hornet Biosecurity NZ

He said hobbyist beekeepers would act as the eyes and ears for Biosecurity, alerting authorities when they saw a hornet.

“It is critically important that we eradicate in this year or the next. If they become established it will be devastating. All the beekeepers in Auckland will be sent a trap to put out and they will be asked to monitor the traps and regularly monitor their hives,” Brown said.

“It is a notifiable pest now, so you can’t move them yourself. Ideally get a photo of them and report them to MPI [Ministry of Primary Industries] so the professionals can go out there and find the nest and destroy them. They are quite dangerous, they have a much longer sting than bees and also they can spray venom into your eyes.”

Brown said it seemed there was only one queen in Auckland, but that number could balloon if the threat wasn’t dealt with quickly.

“The genetics seem to be likely that it could be just one queen, and she can lay a couple of hundred queens so that would be developing now so they are finding these before they develop,” he said.

He said there was only one region in the world, Majorca, which had eradicated them.

“… they’re an island as well, and it’s ongoing surveillance so it’s likely we will get rid of all of them or almost all of them… And then monitor and keep monitoring to make sure they’re eradicated.”

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We need to get back to smaller portions, health professor says

Source: Radio New Zealand

Unsplash

Some food outlets have been supersizing portion sizes and it would be good to go back to smaller amounts, a New Zealand health professor says.

In an article in the medical journal The Lancet, adviser to the UK government on obesity, Professor Naveed Sattar, said ready to eat portion sizes were calibrated towards an adult male, and smaller options should be available for women, children, and shorter people.

The article recommended “food outlets offer at least two portion sizes for single-portion, ready-to-eat products, differing by around 25 percent – the average difference in energy requirements between men and women and priced fairly”. It said this would also help provide more appropriate portion sizes for children and shorter people.

Auckland University professor of global health and nutrition Boyd Swinburn told Morning Report the basic physiology of that made sense in the sense that smaller people needed smaller portion sizes.

“Whether it’s going to go all the way to having multiple portion sizes available I’m not sure, but we have been at risk of Americanisation and supersizing and we’ve seen that with a number of areas and takeaways and the upsizing and muffins are a big one as well,” he said.

“I think it would be good if we could get back to smaller portion sizes.”

Swinburn said ultra processed foods were the main driver for obesity.

“The body does work pretty well in managing to have energy intake according to its needs but it can get fooled and the place where it really gets fooled is with ultra processed foods which are highly palatable and very dense in energy. So we think we’re just eating enough for our body … but because it’s so energy dense, so full of calories, we end up overeating,” he said.

“It’s mainly an issue related to the ultra processed foods rather than real foods that the serving sizes apply to.”

Swinburn said as part of his research he had recently been developing a mathematical model for energy balance.

“It is interesting how much the lean body mass dictates what we eat and how much we eat. It’s really this intersection between this physiology we have and the ultra processed food environment that is driving our obesity epidemic.

“The way the energy dense food sort of fools our system if you like and we end up passively overeating it and slowly gain weight over time.”

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Regions must band together to avoid being pushed, Wellington mayor says

Source: Radio New Zealand

Andrew Little is chair of the Wellington Mayoral Forum. RNZ / Samuel Rillstone

The Mayor of Wellington says the region needs to work together to plan a response to the government’s calls for simpler, more cost-effective local government to prevent changes from being “imposed” upon them.

All of the region’s mayors and the regional council chairperson have agreed, via the Wellington Mayoral Forum, to work on options for amalgamation.

Chair of the forum, Mayor Andrew Little said the centralisation of much of the region’s water management, changes to the Resource Management Act as well the government’s reorganising of local government would impact each council’s processes.

“All of this is coming together to suggest that council’s do need to look at their own organisations and – particularly where they are closely located to other councils – how they can work more closely together and, obviously, the question of amalgamation pops up,” Little said.

He said the forum’s first task would be to seek a mandate from their respective councils in early 2026 and to set up a project team to co-ordinate the work including public consultation.

“We need to work up a plan on how we’re going to tackle this. Which is what we’ve agreed to do. A critical part of that is engaging with the public, getting a bit of a mandate to see how they want their council’s to respond and react as we face the future – with a view to keeping downward pressure on rates but providing all the services that people need to see from their local council,” Little said.

Little said he did not believe the move was a “reheating” of the Super City proposal – which was scrapped due to a lack of public support in 2015.

He said the proposed changes to local government were likely “to be a reality” but he said attitudes had also shifted in the ten years since the Super City proposal was put on the back burner.

“I think the debate about what is an effective way to organise local government in New Zealand is probably more acute now than it was ten years ago.

“Simply because of planning rules and the complexity of them, the cost of local government and the fact that most local councils are dealing with massive catch up in investment to make sure that services continue to run. All of this has come to a head in a way that perhaps hasn’t been the case for some considerable time,” Little said.

Little said the economic and infrastructure issues facing the region were “too important to be left to chance”.

“The most important thing is that councils actually lead the discussion with their residents. But we’ve each got to work with our councils and with the people that each council represents rather than a more imposed approach from the outside.

“These things can only happen – and should only happen – with the right level of public support and that’s going to be a critical feature of the process that we do over the months and years ahead,” Little said.

Dame Fran Wilde is South Wairarapa mayor and deputy chair of the Wellington Mayoral Forum. Supplied

Deputy chair of the forum and current South Wairarapa Mayor, Dame Fran Wilde said she was hoping to avoid “the squabbling” that characterised the previous amalgamation proposal over a decade ago.

“The difference is that was for a unitary authority over the whole of the Wellington region. Now we are likely to get more than one unitary authority out of this. We don’t know yet what the shape will be but I suspect it will be more than one,” Dame Fran said.

She said – while the previous amalgamation plan was well supported in Wellington City – support was lacking in Wairarapa and Hutt City.

“Mayors we’re generally not happy with losing their jobs but a lot of Wellington City and Porirua – and a lot of people elsewhere – thought it would be useful but the leadership of the councils didn’t and you can make your own surmises as to why that was the case.

“The difference now is that people have realised that we should be doing it and it’s been quite instructive for me over the last several years how many people who were political leaders in those days – who opposed it – have come to me and said ‘Fran you were right, we should’ve done it’.

“But the other thing is the government has just said ‘get your act together local government’ and people understand that we either do it or it’s done to us,” Dame Fran said.

She said – while her focus was on the Wairarapa – she wanted to ensure the outcome was positive for the entire region.

“People in Wairarapa are very keen to have a go at a unitary authority. Iwi are very supportive of that, the business community are very supportive, so are a number of the community organisations because when you come to Wairarapa you don’t think ‘oh now I’m just driving over the boundary between South Wairarapa and Carterton or between Carterton and Masterton’ you’re actually in Wairarapa. People and business and tourists etc. don’t care about council boundaries.

“So we need to make sure it’s workable and affordable and we have to grow the economy. That is our number one priority, grow the economy,” Dame Fran said.

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Children being burnt by playground equipment sparks petition to parliament

Source: Radio New Zealand

Lorna Irene Drive Reserve playground in Raumati South. Supplied / Kāpiti Coast District Council

Young children getting burnt by playground equipment has sparked a petition calling for every new or upgraded playground to have mandatory shade from the sun.

Founder of app Roam With Kids, Renata Wiles, launched the petition to parliament earlier this week and has just under 2000 signatures.

Speaking to Morning Report, Wiles said there were so many amazing playgrounds across the country that have recently been built or upgraded – but keeping them shaded from the sun was not a requirement.

She said all new or upgraded playgrounds should have shade sails – or mature trees providing equivalent shade from the sun.

It was not just about keeping children safe from getting sunburnt while out playing on the playground – but preventing the equipment getting so hot that it burns children.

“The equipment is actually unusable because it’s so hot from the sun.”

Wiles said it was “crazy” to her and other parents that shade was not already a mandatory requirement for playgrounds.

This upgraded playground in Awanui does have shade sails. RNZ / Peter de Graaf

“Since starting this petition and talking about shade more publicly on social media, I’ve had so many people send me photos of their kids that have been hospitalised or had to have medical attention for really, really serious burns – even little toddlers that have just touched something that’s metal in a playground and ended up with terrible burns, like little kids skin is so sensitive.”

Wiles said she has spoken to local councils in previous summers about the lack of shade at playgrounds – and said her now 5-year-old daughter was burnt on a metal slide when she was 18 months old.

“After that I spoke to our local council about getting shade and they did put shade up over that playground and they kind of said they just do it on a case-by-case basis, no real requirement, its not mandatory for them at all to take it into consideration.

“So I picked up the communication with them again ahead of launching this petition and I kind of got the same response. They are aware it’s a problem but it’s not a requirement and it’s different for every single local board. There is no consistency.”

Suppled / South Canterbury Drone Photography

Caroline Bay playground in Canterbury.

Wiles said a lot of equipment at playgrounds is metal including slides, in-ground spinners and seesaws. But even plastic equipment can get so hot it burns, too.

In her communication with councils, Wiles said she has been told that sunshades are not budgeted for and equipment would have to be given up in order to provide it.

Wiles said councils should “absolutely” give up equipment in favour of shade.

“Give up another set of swings, or a slide, let’s use some of that money that already exists, that’s already been allocated for those playgrounds and put that into shade because that’s really what parents care about.”

The upgraded playground at Wellington Botanic Garden, seen without shade sails. Wellington City Council / Supplied

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Why do we wake up shortly before our alarm goes off? It’s not by chance

Source: The Conversation (Au and NZ) – By Yaqoot Fatima, Professor of Sleep Health, University of the Sunshine Coast

Malvestida/Unsplash

You’ve probably experienced it – your alarm is set for 6:30am, yet somehow your eyes snap open a few minutes before it goes off. There’s no sound, no external cue, just the body somehow knowing it’s time.

It might seem strange, but you didn’t wake up by chance. It’s your body clock at work – an amazingly precise internal timing system that regulates when you sleep and wake.

But how exactly does this built-in alarm clock work?

A hormonal wake-up call

Deep in the brain is a small group of neurons called the suprachiasmatic nucleus, often referred to as the body’s “master clock”. These neurons keep track of time by coordinating internal rhythms such as circadian rhythm (aligned with the 24-hour day) to regulate things like sleep, body temperature, hunger and digestion.

The circadian rhythm influences when we feel sleepy and alert each day. Our bodies set the master clock naturally, and it is completely normal to see variation in the timing of when people prefer to sleep and be awake.

Have you ever wondered why some people are “morning people”, preferring to catch the sunrise and hit the pillow early at night, and others are “night owls”, staying up late and sleeping till mid-morning? This is because of differences in their circadian rhythm.

Regular sleep and wake, meal and exercise routines program our master clock so it starts to predict when these behaviours will happen each day and begin releasing related hormones accordingly.

For example, when we wake up in the morning, we experience a phenomenon known as the “cortisol awakening response”. This is a significant spike in cortisol – a hormone thought to help us prepare for the day and feel energised.

For people who have very consistent rise times and morning light exposure, the master clock learns when they usually get up. Well before their alarm sounds, it gently prepares the body: the temperature rises, melatonin (a sleepiness hormone) levels fall, and cortisol levels start to climb.

By the time their alarm is due, the body is already transitioning into wakefulness. Think of it as a sort of hormonal wake-up call.

A well-synced rhythm or poor sleep quality?

If you often wake a few minutes before your alarm and feel alert and rested, it’s a sign your circadian rhythm is finely tuned. Your body clock has learned to anticipate your routine and help you transition smoothly from sleep to wakefulness.

However, if you wake before your alarm but feel groggy or restless, it might signal poor sleep quality rather than a well-synced rhythm.

Having a regular bedtime and awakening schedule helps train the body’s internal clock, especially when it stays aligned with natural cues in your environment, such as changes in light and temperature throughout the day.

This will make it easier to fall asleep and wake up feeling refreshed. A regular sleep-wake schedule will help your body “keep track of time” and can teach the body to predict when it’s time to wake up.

On the other hand, an irregular sleep schedule can confuse these internal bodily rhythms, leading to drowsiness and difficulty concentrating and performing mental tasks.

Without a consistent sleep pattern, the body will rely on an alarm to wake up, potentially waking you in deeper stages of sleep and leaving you with that groggy feeling (known as sleep inertia).

In that case, reviewing your sleep hygiene and making small changes to your habits can realign your body’s internal clock, helping you wake naturally and feel truly rested.

Why is it hard to switch off?

Stress and anxiety can increase levels of cortisol – the same hormone that naturally increases in the morning to help you wake up – making it harder to stay asleep or triggering early awakening.

Anticipation of exciting events can also make it difficult to sleep, as a high state of arousal makes your brain stay alert, leading to lighter sleep and premature awakenings. These situations are common and are normal from time to time; however, they may cause longer-term sleep problems if they happen too often.

In the pre-industrial era, people followed environmental cues from the sun and the moon to guide their sleep patterns.

In modern times, waking naturally without an alarm can be hard. But when it happens, it’s a strong sign that you’ve had enough rest and that your body clock is healthy and well-aligned.

Training your body to wake up without an alarm is possible by adopting the following strategies: prioritising a consistent sleep schedule with 7–8 hours of sleep (including on weekends); avoiding sleep disruptions due to caffeine, alcohol or heavy meals; creating a dark sleep environment and avoiding screens before bed; and ensuring exposure to natural sunlight in the morning.

The Conversation

Yaqoot Fatima receives funding from MRFF, NHMRC and Beyond Blue.

Alexandra Metse has received funding from the Australian Prevention Partnership Centre, MRFF, the Waterloo Foundation, and the NSW Department of Education. She is a member of the Australasian Sleep Association.

Danielle Wilson does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organisation that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

ref. Why do we wake up shortly before our alarm goes off? It’s not by chance – https://theconversation.com/why-do-we-wake-up-shortly-before-our-alarm-goes-off-its-not-by-chance-268992

Hundreds of iceberg earthquakes detected at the crumbling end of Antarctica’s Doomsday Glacier

Source: The Conversation (Au and NZ) – By Thanh-Son Pham, ARC DECRA Fellow in Geophysics, Australian National University

Copernicus / ESA, CC BY

Glacial earthquakes are a special type of earthquake generated in cold, icy regions. First discovered in the northern hemisphere more than 20 years ago, these quakes occur when huge chunks of ice fall from glaciers into the sea.

Until now, only a very few have been found in the Antarctic. In a new study soon to be published in Geophysical Research Letters, I present evidence for hundreds of these quakes in Antarctica between 2010 and 2023, mostly at the ocean end of the Thwaites Glacier – the so-called Doomsday Glacier that could send sea levels rising rapidly if it were to collapse.

A recent discovery

A glacial earthquake is created when tall, thin icebergs fall off the end of a glacier into the ocean.

When these icebergs capsize, they clash violently with the “mother” glacier. The clash generates strong mechanical ground vibrations, or seismic waves, that propagate thousands of kilometres from the origin.

What makes glacial earthquakes unique is that they do not generate any high-frequency seismic waves. These waves play a vital role in the detection and location of typical seismic sources, such as earthquakes, volcanoes and nuclear explosions.

Due to this difference, glacial earthquakes were only discovered relatively recently, despite other seismic sources having been documented routinely for several decades.

Varying with the seasons

Most glacial earthquakes detected so far have been located near the ends of glaciers in Greenland, the largest ice cap in the northern hemisphere.

The Greenland glacial earthquakes are relatively large in magnitude. The largest ones are similar in size to those caused by nuclear tests conducted by North Korea in the past two decades. As such, they have been detected by a high-quality, continuously operating seismic monitoring network worldwide.

The Greenland events vary with the seasons, occurring more often in late summer. They have also become more common in recent decades. The signs may be associated with a faster rate of global warming in the polar regions.

Elusive evidence

Although Antarctica is the largest ice sheet on Earth, direct evidence of glacial earthquakes caused by capsizing icebergs there has been elusive. Most previous attempts to detect Antarctic glacial earthquakes used the worldwide network of seismic detectors.

However, if Antarctic glacial earthquakes are of much lower magnitude than those in Greenland, the global network may not detect them.

In my new study, I used seismic stations in Antarctica itself to look for signs of these quakes. My search turned up more than 360 glacier seismic events, most of which are not yet included in any earthquake catalogue.

The events I detected were in two clusters, near Thwaites and Pine Island glaciers. These glaciers have been the largest sources of sea-level rise from Antarctica.

Earthquakes at the Doomsday Glacier

Thwaites Glacier is sometimes known as the Doomsday Glacier. If it were to collapse completely it would raise global sea levels by 3 metres, and it also has the potential to fall apart rapidly.

About two-thirds of the events I detected – 245 out of 362 – were located near the marine end of Thwaites. Most of these events are likely glacial earthquakes due to capsizing icebergs.

The strongest driver of such events does not appear to be the annual oscillation of warm air temperatures that drives the seasonal behaviour of Greenland glacier earthquakes.

Instead, the most prolific period of glacial earthquakes at Thwaites, between 2018 and 2020, coincides with a period of accelerated flow of the glacier’s ice tongue towards the sea. The ice-tongue speed-up period was independently confirmed by satellite observations.

This speed-up could have been caused by ocean conditions, the effect of which is not yet well understood.

The findings suggest the short-term scale impact of ocean states on the stability of marine-terminating glaciers. This is worth further exploration to assess the potential contribution of the glacier to future sea-level rise.

The second largest cluster of detections occurred near the Pine Island Glacier. However, these were consistently located 60–80 kilometres from the waterfront, so they are not likely to have been caused by capsizing icebergs.

These events remain puzzling and require follow-up research.

What’s next for Antarctic glacial earthquake research

The detection of glacial earthquakes associated with iceberg calving at Thwaites Glacier could help answer several important research questions. These include a fundamental question about the potential instability of the Thwaites Glacier due to the interaction of the ocean, ice and solid ground near where it meets the sea.

Better understanding may hold the key to resolving the current large uncertainty in the projected sea-level rise over the next couple of centuries.

The Conversation

Thanh-Son Pham receives funding from the Australian Research Council.

ref. Hundreds of iceberg earthquakes detected at the crumbling end of Antarctica’s Doomsday Glacier – https://theconversation.com/hundreds-of-iceberg-earthquakes-detected-at-the-crumbling-end-of-antarcticas-doomsday-glacier-268893

Svitolina to Boulter: The ASB Classic 2026 women’s tennis field

Source: Radio New Zealand

Katie Boulter, Venus Williams, Alexandra Eala, Elina Svitolina will compete at the ASB Classic 2026. ASB Classic/Photosport

A seven-time Grand Slam champion, an Olympic medallist and the Philippines’ first top 50 player were among the initial 25 players confirmed for the 2026 ASB Classic women’s tennis tournament in Auckland.

A field that cut off direct entries at world number 92 for a WTA 250 tournament and included some of the sport’s most recognisable names did not happen by chance.

Tournament director Nicolas Lamperin spent months finding the players that were the right fit for the tournament starting 5 January.

Sometimes a situation fell in Lamperin’s favour, other times he needed to take a loss and move on.

“Relationships are key,” Lamperin said.

“We know that the fans want to see some famous names which is why we go for the highest ranked player, someone like Venus Williams would also fall into that category, but at the same time we need to refresh what we are doing year after year.

“It’s our ambition to bring the new stars of tomorrow to Auckland.”

Lamperin sometimes needed a crystal ball.

“For example the three young ones that we signed [Iva Jovic, Alexandra Eala and Janice Tjen] when we approached them they were ranked between 100 and 150 and six months later they are in the top 50.

“We scout the world of tennis on the yearly basis and we need to make decisions fairly early in advance to decide which players we want to bring to Auckland.

“You need to predict where the players are going to be ranked within the next six to 12 months and so far we’ve been right. It doesn’t mean we’ll get it right every year but it seems to be working and it brings really good balance to the draw between the top stars and the up and coming ones.”

The field would be headed by two proven stars at the highest level in Ukraine’s Elina Svitolina and American Emma Navarro, ranked 14th and 15th respectively in the current WTA world rankings.

The pair have both risen inside the top 10 and between them have won 19 WTA singles titles.

Svitolina, with a career high ranking of No. 3 in the world, was runner-up at the ASB Classic in 2024 to Coco Gauff, who had edged Navarro in the semifinals.

Eighteen-year-old American Iva Jovic, the first Filipino to make the world’s top 50 in Alexandra Eala, and 23-year-old Janice Tjen from Indonesia have chalked up five WTA wins between them already and will be seeded from third to fifth at the tournament.

Lamperin said the field “will give us some great match ups”.

“Matches that people aren’t used to seeing on the tour and new stories that we can create and start in Auckland.”

New Zealand’s Lulu Sun qualified directly under her world ranking for the tournament, which would allow a second New Zealander to compete as a confirmed Wild Card when the 32-strong field was finalised.

Not everything had gone Lamperin’s way in the process to locking in the field.

This year’s runner-up Naomi Osaka was to be returning to have another crack at winning the title after an injury-hit end to her latest appearance in Aotearoa, but she withdrew in November.

Osaka’s absence was not ground Lamperin wanted to cover, other than to express his “disappointment”.

“It was a personal decision from Naomi we were extremely disappointed, however we can’t sit still and do nothing, the only thing we could do was go after more players to replace her which is what we did with Elina and Emma so it worked out really well for us.”

While the Auckland tournament lost one player to Australia, with Osaka to play for Japan at the United Cup in Perth, Lamperin did get a player off an Australian tournament.

Britain’s Katie Boulter, who was plotting a full return to the sport after injury, would also get a Wild Card. A timely situation given this week she missed out on qualifying for the main draw of the Australian Open later in January.

“I approached Katie in July at Wimbledon and at the time she was close to the top 30 or 40 and she would go to Brisbane [International tennis tournament], the schedule changed because her ranking dropped and she had a few niggling injuries and now it makes perfect sense for her to start the season in Auckland and try and get as many matches as possible under her belt trying to get her ranking back up and be in contention for the season in the Grand Slams in the future.”

American Sloane Stephens, the 2016 ASB Classic winner, who has won eight titles including the US Open in 2017 also got a Wild Card.

A total of four Wild Cards would be given and six players would also get a place in the main draw through qualifying.

Initial 22 player field (with seeding and world ranking)

Elina Svitolina (UKR) 1, 14; Emma Navarro (USA) 2, 15; Iva Jovic (USA) 3, 35; Alexandra Eala (PHI) 4, 52; Janice Tjen (IDN) 5, 53; Magda Linette (POL) 6, 55; Wang Xinyu (CHN) 7, 56; Peyton Stearns (USA) 8, 63; Sonay Kartal (GBR) 9, 69; Donna Vekic (CRO) 10, 70; Francesca Jones (GBR) 11, 74; Varvara Gracheva (FRA) 12, 77; Camila Osorio (COL) 13, 78; Renata Zarazua (MEX) 14, 79; Elisabetta Cocciaretto (ITA) 15, 81; Petra Marcinko (CRO) 16, 82; Caty McNally (USA) 17, 83; Ella Seidel (GER) 18, 84; Alycia Parks 19, 85; Lulu Sun (NZL) 20, 90; Panna Udvardy (HUN) 21, 91, Sara Bejlek (CRO) 22, 92.

Main Draw Wild Cards: Venus Williams (USA), Sloane Stephens (USA), Katie Boulter (GBR).

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The United States CDC has abandoned science in its new advice about vaccines and autism

Source: The Conversation (Au and NZ) – By Hassan Vally, Associate Professor, Epidemiology, Deakin University

The United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has revised its long-standing guidance about vaccines and autism.

The guidance once stated clearly and correctly that the evidence shows no link between vaccines and the development of autism.

Now it claims “studies supporting a link [between vaccines and autism] have been ignored by health authorities”. It also says:

The claim “vaccines do not cause autism” is not an evidence-based claim because studies have not ruled out the possibility that infant vaccines cause autism.

Health Secretary Robert F. Kennedy Jr directed the CDC to make these changes, despite promising at his confirmation not to alter the CDC’s vaccine advice.

With this change in wording on the website the CDC has been dragged to a new low. The CDC once stood as a global benchmark of scientific integrity. Sadly, it now risks becoming a megaphone for misinformation and a tool for those whose goal is to undermine science.

Let’s look at the updated CDC statement about vaccines and autism, and how this is at odds with how science works.

Science can’t prove universal negatives

Saying “studies have not ruled out the possibility that infant vaccines cause autism” is in direct conflict with how science works.

Using science, we can demonstrate that two things are linked by showing consistent, reproducible associations that stand up across multiple study designs. We can also test a hypothesis repeatedly and from many angles.

Therefore, for example, when hundreds of high-quality studies, using different methods, populations and measurements, all fail to find a link between vaccines and autism, the rational conclusion is there is no causal connection.

But we cannot prove the universal absence of a link.

If we were to accept this notion, someone could always claim they aren’t convinced by the current evidence because maybe the next study will find something. Using this same logic, it’s impossible to rule out the Earth is flat or that fairies exist.

It’s wrong to reverse the burden of proof

Another dangerous premise in the CDC’s new framing on vaccines and autism is it reverses the burden of proof.

In science, the person making a claim, especially one that argues against the available consensus, must provide the evidence for it.

The rhetorical manoeuvre on the CDC website suggesting proof is required to show the absence of a link, however, flips this principle on its head. It suggests it’s reasonable to expect scientists to defend against an infinite list of hypothetical possibilities.

But as US astronomer Carl Sagan famously put it, “extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence”. In science, if you want to assert something that contradicts the scientific consensus, the burden is on you to produce evidence strong enough to justify overturning what we already know.

The more implausible a claim is, the higher the bar in providing high quality, reproducible and methodologically sound research to support it.

By asking the CDC to alter its website guidance, RFK Jr wants you to accept the opposite: that he or anyone can make any claim and it’s the responsibility of everyone else to disprove these claims.

It’s also unclear what evidence would change RFK Jr’s mind on vaccines and autism. This leaves the door open for him to claim any amount of evidence that doesn’t support his preferred narrative is insufficient.

But what about the study that claimed to be proof?

Speculation about a link between the measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) vaccine and autism began with a fraudulent and now-retracted 1998 Lancet paper by the discredited doctor Andrew Wakefield.

Even if you accepted everything in Wakefield’s paper as true (it wasn’t) and assumed he was an honest researcher (he wasn’t), you would still be left with nothing more than a case series of 12 children. This study design is incapable of establishing a causal link between the MMR vaccine and autism.

Subsequent investigations also uncovered a long list of damning findings about Wakefield, including:

1) He hid major financial conflicts of interest

Wakefield was paid large sums by lawyers preparing a lawsuit against MMR manufacturers, money he failed to disclose. He was contracted to find evidence supporting a link between MMR and autism.

At the same time, he had filed patents for a single-dose measles vaccine and a diagnostic test that stood to profit if public fear about MMR increased.

2) He committed serious ethical violations

Wakefield falsely claimed the study had ethics approval. It did not. Children with developmental conditions were subjected to invasive procedures, including colonoscopies and lumbar punctures, without valid clinical justification or proper oversight.

3) He misrepresented how the children were recruited

The paper claimed the children were consecutively referred, implying an unbiased clinical sample. In reality, several were recruited through anti-vaccine groups or families involved in the lawsuit funding Wakefield, meaning the sample was deliberately cherry-picked to support his predetermined hypothesis.

4) He altered and falsified data

Comparisons between medical records and the published paper revealed extensive falsification:

  • symptoms that began before vaccination were rewritten as occurring after MMR
  • gastrointestinal findings were exaggerated or invented
  • diagnoses were manipulated to fit his fabricated “autistic enterocolitis” syndrome
  • normal clinical results were presented as abnormal.

The tragedy in all this is that a fraudulent study that never should have seen the light of day continues, even now, to erode confidence in life-saving vaccines. This has led to reduced vaccination rates, the resurgence of preventable childhood illnesses, and unnecessary deaths.

It has also inflicted immeasurable harm on autistic people and their families by fuelling stigma and misinformation.

The Conversation

Hassan Vally does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organisation that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

ref. The United States CDC has abandoned science in its new advice about vaccines and autism – https://theconversation.com/the-united-states-cdc-has-abandoned-science-in-its-new-advice-about-vaccines-and-autism-271493

Big batteries are now outcompeting gas in the grid – and gas-rich Western Australia is at the forefront

Source: The Conversation (Au and NZ) – By Peter Newman, Professor of Sustainability, Curtin University

Australia’s electricity grids are undergoing a profound transformation. Solar and wind have provided 99% of new generating capacity since 2015. Last month, renewables hit parity with fossil fuels for the first time.

But there’s a lesser-known part to the story. Renewable output varies, which means they need to be backed up. For years, authorities have predicted gas power stations would remain necessary to back up or “firm” renewables. But increasingly, this work is being done instead by large-scale batteries.

Grid batteries have rapidly moved from a supporting role to prime time by firming renewables, ramping up output very rapidly and boosting system security by ensuring a stable voltage. Battery capacity in the pipeline has soared from 3 gigawatts in 2022 to 26GW in 2025 in Australia’s main power grid, the National Electricity Market.

Batteries can soak up a glut of solar and release it back to the grid during evenings. It’s nowhere more visible than in isolated Western Australia, which has its own separate power grids.

In recent months, renewables (largely solar) have begun supplying more than half (55%) of the electricity to WA’s Wholesale Electricity Market. Batteries are increasingly overtaking large-scale solar and gas generation in meeting peak demand.

As grid operators grow more comfortable with the capabilities of grid batteries, it will become less necessary to burn gas for power. One of the world’s top gas exporters is now demonstrating how to avoid using this fossil fuel.

Batteries coming of age

The latest plans from the Australian Energy Market Operator show battery storage is anticipated to keep growing sharply.

The market operator anticipates Australia will need 14GW of gas power capacity by 2050. Gas will shift from firing up at times of peak demand to act largely as a backup for renewables and storage.

But even this role isn’t certain. The plunging cost of grid-scale batteries means gas and even hydropower will struggle to compete over the next ten years. Other analysts have come to similar conclusions.

Western Australia, global testbed

WA has taken up batteries at remarkable speed. Major new systems have been deployed in Kwinana, an industrial area of Perth, and the coal town of Collie. Collectively, these grid batteries have more than 5 gigawatt-hours of storage.

These batteries supplied more than 20% of evening peak demand and surpassing gas generation sources in a recent week.

Throughout November, renewables provided 55% of power to WA’s main grid, well above the National Energy Market’s 50%. What’s impressive is this was achieved without using hydropower or drawing power from other states. The system relied on rooftop solar, solar farms, wind and batteries.

large grid battery seen from air
The first two stages of the Collie battery are now up and running. The project could expand further.
Neoen

Overseas, states such as California have been using batteries with significant success. And, WA is showing how it can be done without interconnections.

Records tumbled throughout November, including periods where wind and solar met 100% of demand in WA’s main grid. Batteries meant some coal and gas generators kept running to provide grid services but not power. As grid batteries expand, this won’t be necessary.

Coal is already on life support in Australia. And, in this fastest energy transformation in human history, WA is showing that gas, too, will pass and be replaced.

Batteries bypassing gas in the main grid

In November, the National Electricity Market also passed a major milestone when large batteries put more power into the grid than gas peaker plants for the first time.

Industry analysts now expect batteries to become the primary tool to firm renewables on Australia’s main grid within a few years. The Eraring, Mortlake and Melbourne Renewable Energy Hub grid batteries will soon come online. Investment in grid batteries has surged from A$100 million to billions a year.

The federal government’s new home battery subsidy scheme has been wildly popular. Around 146,000 have now been installed, though there are questions about cost blowout and the size of batteries installed.

Distributed energy storage such as home batteries and electric vehicle batteries could supply more overall storage than grid-scale batteries before 2030.

The facts on the ground are changing quicker than many policymakers anticipated.

The heartbeat of the grid

One challenge for clean grids is how to replace the spinning turbines of coal and gas plants, which have stabilised electricity voltage for decades. Solar and wind can’t easily provide the vital inertia these spinning machines provide.

It turns out big batteries can provide this service without spinning turbines. In recent months, there’s been debate over whether big batteries will be allowed to stabilise the grid – essentially, giving the grid its heartbeat.

Australia’s energy market operator anticipates an increasing role for batteries to do this work too by pairing batteries with grid-forming inverters and “virtual synchronous machines” to ensure electricity is delivered at the grid requirements for frequency and voltage.

Real-world applications in Australia and elsewhere show batteries can do the job more precisely and efficiently than fossil fuel plants.

The question now is how quickly market rules and grid standards can be updated to allow batteries and inverters to do this at scale.

Of course, batteries aren’t a silver bullet. As the market operator’s plan for the electricity system makes clear, the optimal future grid will combine grid-scale batteries, pumped hydro, management of electricity demand, and widespread rooftop solar, home batteries and EV batteries.

Finding ways to coordinate use of Australia’s rapidly growing household energy storage capacity and tapping into EV batteries through V2G technology could avoid overspending on grid-scale storage.

A farewell to gas?

As battery storage grows, the need for a gas backup for the grid will shrink.

Expensive gas peaking plants are already being outcompeted in Australia’s main grid, while WA’s enthusiastic battery takeup is showing how isolated grids can rely more and more on solar, wind and storage.

The Conversation

Peter Newman receives funding from the Reliable Affordable Clean Energy CRC.

Ray Wills advises clients within the clean energy sector through his business, Future Smart Strategies. This article did not receive specific financial or in-kind support.

ref. Big batteries are now outcompeting gas in the grid – and gas-rich Western Australia is at the forefront – https://theconversation.com/big-batteries-are-now-outcompeting-gas-in-the-grid-and-gas-rich-western-australia-is-at-the-forefront-271753

With Nvidia’s second-best AI chips headed for China, the US shifts priorities from security to trade

Source: The Conversation (Au and NZ) – By Peter Draper, Professor, and Executive Director: Institute for International Trade, and Director of the Jean Monnet Centre of Trade and Environment, University of Adelaide

JIM WATSON/Getty

This week, US President Donald Trump approved previously banned exports of Nvidia’s powerful H200 artificial intelligence (AI) chips to China.

In return, the US government will receive 25% of the sales revenue, in what has become a hallmark of this administration to take a sales cut of a private company’s revenues.

The H200 is Nvidia’s second-most powerful AI processor. It’s roughly six times more capable than the H20 chips previously available to buyers in China.

These aren’t consumer gadgets powering the latest cat meme generator or helping you with the weekly pub quiz. They’re the computational engines behind advanced AI systems that increasingly drive autonomous weapons. This includes drone navigation systems, automatic gun emplacements and targeting algorithms in modern warfare.

Think less the futuristic world of the Terminator movies, more the very real AI-powered targeting systems already being deployed, including in Ukraine and Gaza.

At the end of a year that has seen the US and China locked in a bitter trade war in which Trump lifted tariffs on China as high as 145% at one point, the decision to allow these sensitive exports is stunning.

This policy reversal fundamentally challenges how export controls work. It also raises urgent questions for US allies such as Australia, caught between economic dependence on China and deepening defence alignment with an increasingly unpredictable United States.

How we got here

Having access to advanced semiconductor chips is crucial in the global race toward advanced artificial intelligence. In October 2022, the Biden administration put strict semiconductor export controls in place. These rules targeted advanced AI chips and chip-making equipment destined for China.

This was dubbed the “small yard, high fence” approach. The aim was to restrict (build a “high fence” around) a narrow range of sensitive technologies, while still allowing broader trade with China.

The Biden administration placed 140 Chinese entities on export blacklists. It also restricted 24 types of manufacturing equipment and banned US engineers from supporting advanced Chinese chip facilities.

These measures had real impact. Between 2022 and 2024, Chinese AI companies struggled to access needed computing power, forcing them to innovate with older hardware.

A different strategy

Trump’s approach is fundamentally different. In July, his administration allowed Nvidia to sell H20 chips to China in exchange for 15% of revenues. This was widely seen as a concession to China linked to negotiations over US access to rare earth minerals.

Trump’s latest move to approve the far more powerful H200 chips for export to China reflects his abandoning the rulebook on trade.

Strategic security decisions are being transformed into transactional “deals” where everything has a price.

AI warfare is already here

AI chips now power targeting systems, guide munitions and make split-second decisions on battlefields worldwide.

Ukraine’s forces use AI-equipped drones that autonomously navigate the final approach to targets, even in heavily jammed environments, reportedly improving strike accuracy from 30–50% to around 80%.

According to a Guardian report, Israel’s “Lavender” AI system identified 37,000 potential Hamas-linked targets, accelerating airstrikes but reportedly contributing to significant civilian casualties.

China’s People’s Liberation Army is reportedly deploying AI for drone swarm coordination, autonomous target recognition, and real-time battlefield decision-making.

The Pentagon’s Project Maven synthesises satellite and sensor data to suggest targets that US forces may subsequently destroy.

This isn’t science fiction; it is today’s battlefield reality.

A new kind of laundering

Modern semiconductors are “dual-use” technologies. The same chips training AI chatbots can guide cruise missiles. The same microcontrollers regulating washing machines can navigate attack drones.

British researchers have found a significant number of foreign components in Russian drones used in Ukraine have come from the US and Europe.

Some were literally harvested from household appliances. Russian procurement networks reportedly bought chips intended for repairing washing machines, erased the manufacturer’s name with acetone and inserted them into kamikaze drones.

These components travelled through third countries such as India and Kazakhstan before finding their way to Russian manufacturers.

You can’t ban washing machines without crippling consumer economies. But washing machines contain microcontrollers perfect for military drones. Export controls can become an elaborate game of whack-a-mole, where each restriction spawns new workarounds.

Australia’s dilemma

As a consequence of joining the AUKUS security partnership, Australia has restructured its export control regime to align with US priorities.

But Australia is in something of a bind. China accounts for about 30% of Australia’s total merchandise trade. Meanwhile, the US increasingly demands policy alignment as the price for accessing its defence technology.

What does US relaxation of export controls on advanced AI chips mean for Australia? Are we obligated to follow? Australia’s alignment with AUKUS was grounded on partners sharing similar views about threats, and adopting a consistent response.

However, the US’ recently released National Security Strategy identifies migration to Europe as a bigger “civilisational” threat than Russia’s military threat. Clearly, Australians see this very differently.

When security becomes a bargaining chip

Export controls work when they’re consistent, predictable, and clearly tied to national security. They fail when they become bargaining chips or revenue generators.

Trump’s H200 deal transforms the “high fence” around sensitive technologies into a turnstile for the right price.

There are pressing questions for Australia. Do US-aligned export controls serve Australian interests? Or are we outsourcing sovereignty to a partner whose decisions are increasingly arbitrary and transactional?

The Conversation

Nathan Howard Gray receives funding from Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade.

Peter Draper does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organisation that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

ref. With Nvidia’s second-best AI chips headed for China, the US shifts priorities from security to trade – https://theconversation.com/with-nvidias-second-best-ai-chips-headed-for-china-the-us-shifts-priorities-from-security-to-trade-271831

Mitch Hay stars with bat, but Tom Blundell could be back for third test

Source: Radio New Zealand

New Zealand wicketkeeper MItch Hay, left, and slip fielder Daryl Mitchell appeal successfully for an LBW decision against Anderson Phillip of the West Indies during Day 2 of the 2nd cricket test match at the Basin Reserve in Wellington, New Zealand, 11 December 2025 Photosport

Black Caps all-rounder Daryl Mitchell has hinted wicketkeeper Tom Blundell will return for the third test against the West Indies, despite his stand-in Mitch Hay taking a star turn in the second test in Wellington.

In his debut test, Hay, 25, top-scored with 61 as the New Zealanders took a first innings lead over the tourists at the Basin Reserve on Thursday. After restricting the West Indies to 205 on Wednesday, the Black Caps scored 278 and had the tourists two down for 32 at stumps, leaving them trailing by 41 runs.

Blundell, 35, has missed this test with a hamstring injury, picked up in the opening drawn test in Christchurch, but has remained with the team for the second test.

Blundell has had a lean time with the bat at test level for the past couple of seasons, and Hay has certainly made a strong impression in Wellington.

“Look I’m not the captain, I’m not the selector, I’m not the coach,” Mitchell said after the second day’s play.

“Tom’s obviously got a sore hammy for this week. I know he’s aiming to be back for that next game, next week. I think you can probably read between the lines with how we will operate – but that’s not my decision.

“But they’re both very good players and both good men.”

Tom Blundell, batting for the Black Caps in the first test against the West Indies at Hagley Oval in Christchurch, 2nd December, 2025. Photosport Ltd

Mitchell and Hay put together a much-needed partnership after opener Devon Conway’s dismissal for 60 left the home side at 117-4.

They added 73 before Mitchell was out, caught behind, for 25.

Hay looked assured, with his 61 including nine boundaries and a six and it was a surprise when he pulled an Ojay Shields delivery straight to Kemar Roach at square leg.

Hay is wicketkeeper for Mitchell’s Canterbury side and the veteran clearly enjoyed batting with him.

“He’s a good gloveman, he showcased what he can do with the bat as well. He’s a young pup and it’s cool he can keep learning off Blundell as well. Blundell has been around this week to help him out.”

The Black Caps’ already depleted bowling stocks suffered another blow on Wednesday when fast bowler Blair Tickner dislocated his shoulder while fielding, ruling him out of the rest of the match.

That potentially means plenty of work for the remaining bowlers, though Mitchell, who has not been bowling since injuring his groin last month, indicated he would help out if required.

“With a groin injury it’s probably something we did not really want to push too early, (but) it’s test cricket for my country. I’ll do anything I can do to help us out. If it means I have got to roll the arm over, albeit off maybe a shorter run, I’ll just do a job for the fern and see what happens.”

Mitchell said he had run quick singles without any problems during his innings.

He said the side would have to be “relentless with the ball” and keep the pressure on the West Indies batters.

“We can see the pitch is still doing a little bit which is good to see. It’s nice to walk away with a lead – although you always want a bigger lead – and we already have them two in the red.”

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ACC petition for volunteer firefighters rejected by Parliament

Source: Radio New Zealand

A FENZ firefighter works in breathing gear, amid smoke. Supplied/ FENZ

Parliament has rejected a petition fighting to change ACC workplace legislation to include injured volunteer firefighters.

The petition to Parliament was launched by Katherine Lamont from the Queenstown Volunteer Fire Brigade after a colleague developed PTSD and was unable to get help.

Lamont collected 36,549 signatures to fight for 12,000 volunteer firefighters who were excluded from certain ACC benefits because they were classified as non-employees.

The petition was calling for volunteer firefighters to get the same ACC coverage and benefits as their paid colleagues.

Currently volunteers were excluded from mental or gradual process injuries which could come from exposure to toxins or cancers.

Parliament’s Education and Workforce Committee said it agreed volunteer firefighters offered vital services to New Zealand, but it did not want to change the legislation.

“While we are sympathetic to the petitioner’s arguments, we are concerned about the precedent that extending ACC cover to volunteer firefighters might set. We do not consider it practical for all types of volunteers to be provided with ACC workplace coverage.

“We would like to take the opportunity to express our heartfelt gratitude to all those who volunteer for this important and challenging work.”

Lamont said this is not the answer they wanted, but she was not giving up.

“While the committee ultimately declined to recommend legislative change, their own report acknowledges what volunteers and communities already know: volunteer firefighters are essential, they face the same dangers as paid firefighters, and they deserve better support.”

In a submission to the committee Lamont laid out just how important volunteers were.

“Volunteers make up 86 percent of the front-line workforce of Fire and Emergency New Zealand (FENZ). These people are often first responders in emergencies.

“In New Zealand in 2023, volunteer firefighters responded to callouts

for 70 percent of motor vehicle accidents, 71 percent of medical emergencies, 81 percent of vegetation fires.”

Peter Ottley. Kavinda Herath / Southland Times

She said volunteers were on call all hours of the day and never expected anything in return.

Peter Ottley served as chief firefighter in Kingston for 13 years, but had been unable work after developing severe PTSD following a horrific bus accident a year ago. His family was under a huge amount of financial stress.

“I stepped up to help my community, and when I became mentally injured, I expected at least the same level of support a full-time firefighter would receive.

“Instead, we’re left unsure about what our future looks like. No volunteer should ever be placed in that position.”

The committee’s report highlighted the estimated cost of providing equitable cover for FENZ volunteers at $244,533 per year, or roughly $20 per volunteer firefighter annually.

“Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment and ACC consider this to be a fairly minor cost increase. However, they said there are fairness concerns around where this funding could come from.”

Labour and the Greens were open to extending ACC coverage.

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IHC settles 2012 Human Rights Review Tribunal claim with government

Source: Radio New Zealand

Minister for Education Erica Stanford RNZ / Samuel Rillstone

It was an “historic” day for New Zealand’s education system says the head of IHC, as the government settles a Human Rights Review Tribunal claim from 2012 alleging education policies disadvantaged disabled students in schools.

Chief executive of the service provider for people with intellectual disabilities, Andrew Crisp, said the government had agreed to work together, rather than “battle it in the courts”.

“We were prepared to battle it in the courts, but we know this is a better way for us, and we can really achieve something quite big.”

IHC said the agreement would enable the New Zealand education system to work better for disabled students.

Crisp said disabled students had not had an equitable opportunity to enjoy a meaningful education in New Zealand, and this settlement was part of fixing that.

“Families, teachers and principals have told IHC over several decades that government policies led to exclusion for disabled students in local schools.

“This is a strong starting point for long-term improvements to how the government supports disabled students learning at their local school.

Crisp signed the agreement at Parliament on Thursday afternoon alongside Minister for Education Erica Stanford and secretary for education Ellen MacGregor Reid.

The agreement committed to a ‘Framework for Action’ responding to the support needs of disabled and neurodiverse students, as well as establishing a stakeholder group to support its implementation.

The framework included:

  • Better data reporting and collection
  • Improved access to specialist support services
  • Better coordination among education agencies to improve the system for disabled students
  • Taking steps to ensure the curriculum reflects and includes all learners
  • Taking steps to enable more accessible infrastructure
  • An investigation of alternative funding structures
  • An investigation into the impacts of government policies and funding decisions on attitudes of ableism (a focus on what disabled students could not do, rather than what they could).

IHC said the Framework for Action required the ministry to “investigate several areas of education” and consider how they could be improved to support all learners, including those with disabilities. Those areas included data collection and reporting, access to specialist support services, infrastructure and curriculum.

Crisp said discussions with the ministry had been “detailed and collaborative” and IHC was satisfied the changes could remove barriers and lead to longterm positive oucomes for disabled students.

IHC chief executive Andrew Crisp. Supplied / IHC

Stanford called it a “hugely significant” day, and said it was the start of a “true partnership” between IHC and the Ministery of Education to “make sure that we are securing the futures of our disabled children and the education system”.

“For too long, they have not been receiving the education they deserve. And we’ve now put together a framework that we’ll work together on to make sure that we change that.”

She said it was up to the government to make sure the system was funded properly.

“There is obviously a huge deficit that we need to make up for, but we’re committed to doing that.

“In Budget 25, we delivered the most significant investment in learning support in a generation – $750 million – directly tackling the long-standing inequities IHC has raised.”

Crisp said it would mean children could go to school and feel part of the school environment, and “are not treated any differently”.

He said that would “take some time”.

“Over time those students’ support and learning needs will be better understood and they will have what they need to thrive at school and beyond, just like their non-disabled peers.

“But the reality is, we want a society where that can be the case.

“System change will take years, but we will make sure that there is demonstrable progress.”

Shane McInroe, who has learning difficulties such as dyslexia and dyspraxia, said “writing and reading is not my forte, but we get there eventually”. He worked in advocacy and was also in attendance, speaking of his own experience at school.

“Maybe they just didn’t have adequate support and they didn’t have understanding of how to work with someone with a learning disability.”

He spoke of the significance of the day “to the community and the whole of the schooling system”.

He said students with disabilities could “actually be a student in a school” and not be concerned about their support.

“It will make a huge difference.”

He wanted to see real training for support staff and teachers.

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Te Papa exhibition takes visitors on a nature into journey

Source: Radio New Zealand

National museum Te Papa will be opening an immersive experience from this weekend featuring digital artworks that will take visitors on a journey into nature.

From the roots of an Amazonian tree, to deep inside the body, through to the birth of galaxies, Breathe | Mauri Ora explores the rhythm that cultivates and connects all life – breath.

The artworks from London-based collective Marshmallow Laser Feast feature a guided meditation, large-scale video works, and interactive experiences.

“It invites people to think about how they relate to the natural world in a new way,” Emily Sexton says. RNZ / Samuel Rillstone

Rebecca Rice, senior curator historical New Zealand art at Te Papa, said the exhibition was a remarkable journey.

She said the exhibition went from the oxygen that’s breathed out of a tree through the human body and back out into the cosmos.

“In the five major works that make up this show, they are taking us from the journey of oxygen from trees through the human body and back again.

“Some of these are based on scanning of trees from the Amazon forests, from the Californian forests,” she said.

“They’ve also taken data from medical scanning of one of the team members’ bodies in a medical Institute in Germany.”

The exhibition is based on large scale digital projections. RNZ / Samuel Rillstone

Rice said that data was then used to follow a journey of breath through the human body.

She said one of her favourite parts of the exhibition was a 5 metre round screen of a breathing cell that visitors looked up at from a purpose-made couch.

She said for this installation people were able to lie down and not just stand and admire artwork on the wall.

“So that wonderful thing of feeling that you’re changing your perception in relation to these works of art, just as Marshmallow Laser Feast are hoping to change our perception in relation to the natural world.”

The exhibition was created by ACMI, Australia’s museum of screen culture.

Alongside the digital artspaces, visitors can also relax with a guided meditation voiced by actress Cate Blanchett or explore the world using VR.

Emily Sexton, director of curatorial, programming and education for ACMI, said it was the VR work that inspired ACMI to start working with Marshmallow Laser Feast.

“One of the things that is really exciting about this show is that it takes a museum context, which is a place of trust and learning, and it invites people to think about how they relate to the natural world in a new way,” Sexton said.

The exhibition is an immersive experience. RNZ / Samuel Rillstone

She said Marshmallow Laser Feast brought together all sorts of different disciplines “to really identify the most cutting-edge technology that can actually act in quite an emotional way, to connect us more deeply to big philosophical ideas”.

Dr Thom Linley, curator fishes at Te Papa, said the exhibition highlighted on people’s connection with the natural world.

He encouraged people to go along and experience the show.

“The grandeur and the scale of some of these artworks, the fact that you can immerse yourself so completely in them, I would encourage people just to come along and to take the time and give themselves a little bit of time and a bit of permission to relax and enjoy it and see how it speaks to you.”

Breathe Mauri Ora will be at Te Papa 13 December 2025 – 27 April 2026.

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The Detail: The stories that defined a year

Source: Radio New Zealand

From left to right: Alexia Russell, Sharon Brettkelly, Davina Zimmer, Gwen McClure and Amanda Gillies Cole Eastham-Farrelly

As the year draws to a close, The Detail looks back at 12 months of deep dives, sharp analysis, and the kinds of conversations that helped New Zealanders make sense of a turbulent, fast-moving world

If 2025 had a national soundtrack, it would be a layered mix of money worries, power struggles, climate shocks, consumer battles, and sporting turbulence.

And The Detail has spent the year listening to each beat, producing a full deep-dive look at each genre, offering not just a record of what has happened but a guide to understanding how – and why – it matters.

The team – Alexia Russell, Amanda Gillies, Davina Zimmer, Gwen McClure, and Sharon Brettkelly – has worked to slow down the news cycle just enough to understand it.

We have gone to the experts – economists, environmentalists, journalists, CEOs, lawyers, doctors, among others – to untangle the complexities of financial policy, to reveal the human stories behind climate change, to hold those in power to account, and to examine sporting wins and losses – and, boy, those losses on the world stage have hurt.

We have tried to guide listeners through the wide-ranging ripple effects of the cost-of-living crunch that has refused to ease, and to tap into the growing frustrations of New Zealanders trying to navigate both online scams and advances.

We have explored why environmental decisions have become some of the most decisive – and divisive – political flashpoints.

Sharon Brettkelly also travelled to Taiwan, interviewing locals about what it is like to live in the shadow of China and to face a possible invasion.

In central Taipei. Sharon Brettkelly

Once a year in Taiwan, she discovered, air raid sirens ring out in a warning to residents to take cover against an attack. Locals know the drill because [https://newsroom.co.nz/2025/10/06/not-if-but-when-taiwan-waits-for-china-to-leap/

it has been going on for years].

And while she was there, she caught up with Mark Hanson, a Taiwan-based New Zealand journalist, about the onslaught of disinformation, looking at claims that mainland China uses influencers, television stars, offshore “content farms” and generative artificial intelligence to swamp the island state with disinformation.

Her international travels also took her to Jordan, where the tourism industry propping up the country’s economy has been all but decimated by the war in neighbouring Israel.

It may have been peak tourist season during her visit, but visitor numbers were “very weak”, hurting everyone from Bedouin guides to the horse and donkey owners whose livelihoods are in ruins.

The war in Gaza has severely impacted Jordan’s tourism industry. Pietra Brettkelly

A 2025 highlight for Brettkelly was her interview with the young heroes behind a mercy dash to Antarctica to rescue a patient who needed urgent medical care. Brettkelly delved into the life and death decisions made, and what happens when you get beyond the point of safe return, and the weather turns bad.

Amanda Gillies covered the long and chaotic Tom Phillips saga that captured a global audience and ended in a hail of bullets.

The morning after the wanted father was shot dead by police, she spoke to Stuff journalist Tony Wall, [ https://newsroom.co.nz/2025/09/10/the-confused-and-chaotic-legacy-of-tom-phillips/

who’s followed the story since day one], and who was on the ground in Marokopa just hours after the fatal shooting, making his way there via a goat track after roads were closed off.

It was The Detail’s most listened to podcast for the year, by quite some distance.

Gillies also took the country’s political temperature, a year out from the next general election, revealing New Zealand is feeling restless and tired, not just of politics, but of politicians.

Prime Minister Christopher Luxon and Labour Party leader Chris Hipkins. RNZ

The public mood is “one of disillusionment with a lot of the political scene, frankly”, former political editor turned RNZ investigative reporter and host Guyon Espiner told Gillies.

Her sporting episodes ranged from the All Blacks’ evolving identity and the resurgence of women’s sport, to match fixing and Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE), described as a silent killer – a dark and devastating side of contact sport that is only revealed after death. https://newsroom.co.nz/2025/09/01/the-silent-killer-of-kiwi-sport/

Among those who spoke to Gillies were top sports journalists and commentators Suzanne McFadden, Rikki Swannell, Dana Johannsen, Dylan Cleaver, Phil Gifford, Elliott Smith, and Jamie Wall.

Alexia Russell tackled a subject most people don’t want to talk about – their death and post-mortem wishes. But as she pointed out, there are so many reasons to have that conversation, and to write a will.

She spoke to a couple who learned the hard way what happens when you don’t have a will, and to the Public Trust about the [ https://newsroom.co.nz/2025/07/14/why-you-should-write-a-will-now/

costs, procedures, and pitfalls] involved when drawing up – or putting off – a will.

‘Funding a good death’ was the headline on Russell’s story on the woefully underfunded palliative care system.

Yes, she said at the time, it was “another story about the stretched New Zealand health service”, but it affects 89 percent of us who will die naturally and will require nursing at the end of their lives.

She revealed why the palliative care sector, much of it provided through the efforts of volunteers, has felt under attack.

Sue Ira says healthy, uncompacted soils are nature’s quiet way of keeping the water cycle working as it should. Davina Zimmer

And Russell wasn’t afraid to get her hands dirty for a podcast on stormwater solutions lying in the soil.

She spoke to an industry expert in water-sensitive design – who had a spade in hand for the interview – about raising awareness of how we treat the most fundamental rain sponge in our cities – soil.

Natural disasters, including Auckland’s Anniversary weekend floods in 2023 and the Christchurch earthquakes, have prompted some regions to rethink flooding issues.

The soil found in new development areas has often been compacted so tightly that it’s lost all its nutrients and sponge-like capacity to absorb water. Davina Zimmer

On a lighter note, Russell caught up with Kiwi actor Bruce Hopkins, who played Gamling in The Lord of the Rings, and who gave her an exclusive insight into the mateship among the cast behind this ground-breaking and loved trilogy.

With a tape recorder in hand, he reunited with most of the core cast at a fantasy fan convention in London and told Russell he was blown away 25 years ago by the camaraderie on the original set, and those bonds are still in place. Fans were delighted.

Just weeks before Christmas, Gwen McClure looked at the terror under the tree – the toys that can kill.

In the wake of the asbestos-contaminated sand, toy recalls, and children’s products failing safety tests, she asked how to shop for your kids this festive season.

With the cost of living sky-high, McClure appreciated that there is temptation to turn to cheap international e-commerce sites. But Gemma Rasmussen, Consumer NZ’s head of research and advocacy, gave her one piece of advice on that for listeners: don’t.

Consumer New Zealand and McClure also examined sunscreen brands, highlighting 16 of 20 tested products that came back lower than their SPF labels.

Yet, it didn’t lead to them being pulled from New Zealand shelves.

The episode explained the laws around sunscreen and where enforcement falls short, and what consumers can do to ensure they’re getting good protection from their sunscreens.

Another podcast by McClure delved into the health crisis being pushed by a drug crisis in Fiji.

A growing HIV outbreak there is being driven by a methamphetamine crisis, and an expert told McClure that the country could become a semi-Narco state.

Simon Peterson, Chief Customs Officer, Child Exploitation Operations Team Greenstone

When Davina Zimmer did a [ https://newsroom.co.nz/2025/11/18/nzs-child-sexual-exploitation-crisis/

podcast episode about how Customs tries to stop child sexual exploitation material ] at our borders, listeners were in touch, wanting to know what happens to the perpetrators.

So she talked to two experts about the next steps, after the material is found, and what needs to change in New Zealand’s approach to handling the crisis.

Zimmer also looked into burnout, which she found out is increasingly becoming the norm, with a multitude of factors pushing New Zealanders across the country to breaking point. Think job insecurity, tight economic times, and pressure to always be on the clock.

But one expert says the tide is changing with a new generation entering the workforce, who are prioritising health and wellbeing.

Turtles, the pet turned pest, were another one in Zimmer’s file this year.

She spoke to the head of Natural Environment Specialist Services at Auckland Council, and revealed that turtles are disturbing native wildlife, muddying waterways, and killing the occasional possum, cat, or rabbit along the way.

Donna Moot has been running her turtle rescue for almost 20 years. Supplied

And that brings to an end the snapshot of our “news year” soundtrack. It had a little bit of everything, with a blended thump of household budgets, the clash of politics, the swell of environment stories, the sting of consumer pressures and the roar of sport.

The team thanks every person who gave up their time to share their knowledge and insight for a podcast this year; it’s always appreciated. A special shout-out to guest podcast hosts Connor McLay, Susana Lei’ataua, and Jimmy Ellingham, and also to the journalists at Newsroom, who were regular guests.

The Detail was honoured to be named the best news and current affairs podcast at the 2025 NZ Radio and Podcast Awards, and to receive Gold for Best Current Affairs Podcast at the 2025 NZ Podcast Awards.

Check out how to listen to and follow The Detail here.

You can also stay up-to-date by liking us on Facebook or following us on Twitter.

– Published by EveningReport.nz and AsiaPacificReport.nz, see: MIL OSI in partnership with Radio New Zealand

Te Papa exhibition uses large scale digital artworks to take visitors on a nature journey

Source: Radio New Zealand

National museum Te Papa will be opening an immersive experience from this weekend featuring digital artworks that will take visitors on a journey into nature.

From the roots of an Amazonian tree, to deep inside the body, through to the birth of galaxies, Breathe | Mauri Ora explores the rhythm that cultivates and connects all life – breath.

The artworks from London-based collective Marshmallow Laser Feast feature a guided meditation, large-scale video works, and interactive experiences.

“It invites people to think about how they relate to the natural world in a new way,” Emily Sexton says. RNZ / Samuel Rillstone

Rebecca Rice, senior curator historical New Zealand art at Te Papa, said the exhibition was a remarkable journey.

She said the exhibition went from the oxygen that’s breathed out of a tree through the human body and back out into the cosmos.

“In the five major works that make up this show, they are taking us from the journey of oxygen from trees through the human body and back again.

“Some of these are based on scanning of trees from the Amazon forests, from the Californian forests,” she said.

“They’ve also taken data from medical scanning of one of the team members’ bodies in a medical Institute in Germany.”

The exhibition is based on large scale digital projections. RNZ / Samuel Rillstone

Rice said that data was then used to follow a journey of breath through the human body.

She said one of her favourite parts of the exhibition was a 5 metre round screen of a breathing cell that visitors looked up at from a purpose-made couch.

She said for this installation people were able to lie down and not just stand and admire artwork on the wall.

“So that wonderful thing of feeling that you’re changing your perception in relation to these works of art, just as Marshmallow Laser Feast are hoping to change our perception in relation to the natural world.”

The exhibition was created by ACMI, Australia’s museum of screen culture.

Alongside the digital artspaces, visitors can also relax with a guided meditation voiced by actress Cate Blanchett or explore the world using VR.

Emily Sexton, director of curatorial, programming and education for ACMI, said it was the VR work that inspired ACMI to start working with Marshmallow Laser Feast.

“One of the things that is really exciting about this show is that it takes a museum context, which is a place of trust and learning, and it invites people to think about how they relate to the natural world in a new way,” Sexton said.

The exhibition is an immersive experience. RNZ / Samuel Rillstone

She said Marshmallow Laser Feast brought together all sorts of different disciplines “to really identify the most cutting-edge technology that can actually act in quite an emotional way, to connect us more deeply to big philosophical ideas”.

Dr Thom Linley, curator fishes at Te Papa, said the exhibition highlighted on people’s connection with the natural world.

He encouraged people to go along and experience the show.

“The grandeur and the scale of some of these artworks, the fact that you can immerse yourself so completely in them, I would encourage people just to come along and to take the time and give themselves a little bit of time and a bit of permission to relax and enjoy it and see how it speaks to you.”

Breathe Mauri Ora will be at Te Papa 13 December 2025 – 27 April 2026.

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Why you might be on track to have more in KiwiSaver than you think

Source: Radio New Zealand

You might be on track to save more than expected in your KiwiSaver. RNZ / Rebekah Parsons-King

You might be on track to save a lot more in your KiwiSaver than you think.

When you receive an annual statement from your KiwiSaver provider, it will show you what lump sum you are on track to have saved by the time you are 65, and what that should mean per week.

The projections are based on assumptions set by the government, which include what returns you can expect from your fund.

These assumptions are also used in most calculators that you might use online.

But the problem is that many funds have been delivering more than twice those projected returns for a number of years.

The government says conservative funds need to assume a return of 2.5 percent a year after fees and tax. Balanced funds need to assume 3.5 percent, growth 4.5 percent and aggressive 5.5 percent.

Morningstar data director Greg Bunkall said the growth fund benchmark had returned 8.8 percent a year for the past 10 years, before inflation.

Rupert Carlyon, founder of Koura Wealth, said tax would take off up to about 1 percent.

“I guess it is important to point out that the last 10 years has delivered market returns of about 14 percent in New Zealand dollar terms, compared to a longer-term average of 9 percent. Blackrock are estimating equity returns for the next 10 years to be in the range of 5 percent to 6 percent. After adjusting for fees and tax, you are well below the 5.5 percent assumption currently used for a growth fund.

“The FMA is potentially being conservative with their assumptions, though I think that is the right approach. You are better off ensuring people have a little more than expected rather than using a heroic assumption that then means they come up short. The flip side is you are encouraging people to save too much and making their goal a little harder than anticipated.

“I don’t think the returns have been reviewed since they were created and it would also be nice to understand the maths on what has driven those returns. “

Mike Taylor, founder of Pie Funds, said there could be an argument to expect 6 percent from growth funds and 8 percent for aggressive funds.

At Kernel, founder Dean Anderson said it was important the assumptions were standardised, and it was better if the assumption was too low rather than too high.

“They’ve created consistency and said we’re not going to enable people to effectively market and attract customers through making up assumptions about the future but conversely it’s obviously now potentially sort of understated – there’s quite a conservative assumption about very long term returns.”

Danielle McKenzie, financial markets manager at the Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment said the ministry was aware the regulatory formula for calculating future returns on KiwiSaver investments, set out in the Financial Markets Conduct Regulations, needed review.

“This is not in our current work programme but will be considered as we look ahead. There is no timeframe for a review, which will depend on government priorities.”

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Firefighters battle large forestry slash blaze in Canterbury

Source: Radio New Zealand

RNZ / Nate McKinnon

Fire crews have been battling a slash fire in the Canterbury town of Pines Beach overnight.

Emergency services were called to the area, just north of Christchurch, where a blaze started in a large pile of forestry slash.

It was about 30 metres by 40 metres in size.

Fire and Emergency noted it was not in the nearby forest itself.

Two crews were monitoring the fire – with heavy machinery expected to be brought in to put it out at daylight.

FENZ said it would be in the area throughout the morning, and possibly for the rest of the day.

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‘Shop around’: Lamb popular Christmas choice, but prices are up

Source: Radio New Zealand

Lamb is taking centre stage on many Christmas tables around New Zealand this year. Julie Biuso

Lamb is taking centre stage on most Christmas tables around New Zealand this year, according to an online survey from Retail Meat NZ.

But it comes at a cost.

The average retail price of roasting lamb and hogget shot up to a record high in 2025, with Stats NZ’s most recent figures from October at $23.79 a kilogram.

In December 2023 it was $12.99 a kilogram.

Retail price of roasting lamb and hogget in New Zealand. Weighted average per 1kg, Jun 2015–Jun 2025, NZD Supplied / Stats NZ

Beef & Lamb NZ Ltd chief executive Kit Arkwright acknowledged rising prices would be putting pressure on many families.

“The message to consumers is shop around. There are some really great deals out there. There’s obviously the supermarkets, there’s lots of local independent butchers and there’s increasingly more and more online options. And they’re all playing different pricing regimes and are offering different prices. So the biggest message is shop around.”

Looking at supermarket prices around the country, a leg of lamb is generally up above $25 a kilogram.

For those buying a whole lamb leg – usually around 3kg – the price could be at least $75.

One supermarket had a special, with a frozen lamb leg for only $15.90 a kilogram.

General inflation, supply and demand was behind the price rise.

As chairperson of Beef and Lamb New Zealand Kate Acland explained, there were fewer sheep out there.

“Globally there is a shortage of sheep meat, so I think it’s around 5.8 percent down globally.

“Some good news out of New Zealand, we’ve seen even though sheep numbers have dropped off, lamb numbers are actually up on last year.

“From a consumer point of view, hopefully we won’t see too much more upward pressure on prices.”

Acland also encouraged customers to look for specials that would appear before Christmas.

Public domain

‘Kiwis love lamb’

It is the busiest time of year for independent butchers like Phil Pirie, who owned Pirie’s Butchery in the Auckland suburb of Mount Eden.

“Kiwis love lamb and we’ve got the best lamb in the world, you know, now we’re into spring lamb. They’re nice and tender and it’s so versatile too.

“You can do it in the oven, you can low and slow on the BBQ or a quick little butterfied lamb, bit of rock salt, pomegranate.”

Prices had gone up, but Pirie said the customers appreciated quality and he tried to keep the costs down.

“It’s just the way of the world, you know, the price of feed for the farmers… low supply and high demand…. The lamb that we do is actually prime export quality.

“We try and hold back on all prices because we’re a family business and everyone’s got families.”

As for the Christmas lunch, Pirie said there would be lamb and ham on his table.

“I do a lamb oyster and do it low and slow on the BBQ. And then obviously our ham as well that we produce ourselves. It’s tea tree smoked, steam cooked, and yeah, we actually glaze it as well with a nice champagne apricot glaze.

“But my favourite is cutting ham steaks off the ham, nice and thick and grilling it on the barbecue. It’s a real good crowd pleaser.”

And if you had ham left over and you did not have a ham bag, Pirie had a good tip.

“Even just a, I wouldn’t say an old pillowcase, but a pillowcase you haven’t used, and all you do is just soak the bag in water solution with vinegar.

“And then what you do is you pop the ham in the bag and then pop it at the back of the fridge where there’s more cold circulation. And that’ll keep really well. And then every three days, just redo that process again, and you’d be surprised.”

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Immigration New Zealand system outage prompts visa woes for travellers, firms and workers

Source: Radio New Zealand

INZ said there were 900 fewer applications visas approved on Monday, compared to the Monday before. RNZ

Hundreds of visa applications could not be submitted or processed after a fault on a new Immigration New Zealand system.

INZ said there were 900 fewer applications visas approved on Monday, compared to the previous Monday, and the system was still not functioning properly on Wednesday afternoon.

Immigration lawyer Elly Fleming said it had a significant impact on visa applicants and employers.

“INZ has not acknowledged the scale of disruption this is causing for migrants, employers, and families,” she said. “We’ve had several clients affected, waiting for their visas, as well as not being able to lodge employer accreditation applications.”

Among those affected were travellers, workers and businesses, whose visas were essentially “stuck” because the system could not generate documents, she said.

“As a result of this system failure, applicants who have already been approved are unable to receive their visas. This includes people needing to start employment, travel, or maintain lawful status in New Zealand.

“The lack of transparency and the absence of contingency processes are becoming increasingly concerning.”

‘Unexpected challenges’

INZ future services manager Karen Bishop said the agency appreciated the frustration it had caused customers and immigration professionals.

“We are working hard to resolve the issues and will take a pragmatic approach to ensure customers are not disadvantaged.

“Technology platforms require regular upgrades to improve services and performance. While most occur without negatively impacting customers, this recent update was very large and complex, and presented unexpected challenges.”

The online system, called ADEPT, will eventually become the single visa application submission channel and processing system, with several visa types already working that way, most recently international student visas.

Although it gave no numbers of impacted customers, it said Monday’s visa approvals numbered approved about 2300 across the system, compared to about 3200 applications the previous Monday, of which 1300 were in the Enhanced Immigration Online system.

A fix implemented on Tuesday night had significantly reduced upload issues, she added, and as of Wednesday night the system was returning to usual.

“The system is currently available, but some of our customers may still be experiencing occasional issues with the ability to view and upload documents. Customers may notice changes such as occasional document drop-offs; this is being actively addressed.

“The outage led to a delay with visas being issued in Enhanced Immigration Online, but with the fixes we have put in place, these visas are now progressing through the system and being finalised.”

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The elusive Antarctic ice and sediment core that could answer sea level rise questions

Source: Radio New Zealand

An advance crew set out on the traverse from Scott Base for Crary Ice Rise in November, using PistenBully snow vehicles to tow a full drill rig and other essential equipment for the project. Supplied / Anthony Powell (Antarctica NZ)

All Huw Horgan wants for Christmas is a geological core sample.

For the third year running, Huw and the team of scientists he now co-leads are on a quest that takes them to the farthest reaches of Antarctica, hundreds of kilometres from any base.

On the inner edge of the Ross ice shelf, where it meets the main West Antarctic ice sheet covering this part of the continent, they’ll set up camp.

And then they’ll drill.

What they’re after is not minerals, or the fossil fuels driving climate change, but a sediment sample that lies below hundreds of metres of ice.

What it contains will help answer the question of when, and how drastically, the West Antarctic ice sheet might collapse as the climate keeps warming – releasing up to five metres of sea level rise as it goes.

Members of the 2024 SWAIS2°C expedition team install the sea riser – a protective steel casing for the main drill used to collect a coveted core sample. Supplied / Ana Tovey / SWAIS2°C

Plenty of cores have been collected from Antarctica over the years, but extracting one this deep, this far from a permanent base, has never been done.

They’ve already tried twice, but equipment failures have forced the team to abandon the attempt two seasons running.

“What we’re trying to do is difficult, right?” Horgan says. “It’s difficult and it’s a harsh environment. It’s a long way from any support. So we’ve had two attempts prior to this from which we’ve learned a lot.”

This year is not third time lucky. “I think it’s third time really well prepared.”

“It would be really lovely to have a bit of geological core for Christmas down there.”

The field camp is hundreds of kilometres from the nearest Antarctic base, so the expedition team will sleep in tents. Supplied / Ana Tovey / SWAIS2°C

Unlocking the secrets of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet

Over the decades, the work of climate scientists has helped to build an increasingly accurate picture of climate change-driven sea level rise, and what we might expect in the coming years.

But there are some crucial gaps.

“If we look at sea level rise estimates up to the end of the century, they range anywhere between about 30 centimeters and about a metre, or even, with some estimates, double that,” Horgan says. “A lot of the uncertainty in those estimates come from the West Antarctic.”

At the moment, the West Antarctic Ice Sheet is protected by ice shelves – floating layers of ice formed by the ice sheet flowing off the Antarctic continent.

Without them, the flow of ice into the ocean will accelerate, meaning the potential collapse of the entire ice sheet.

Some of these smaller shelves could collapse within years, but the Ross Ice Shelf, the largest of them, is still stable – for now.

Whether that will remain true as the climate warms, and the ocean with it, is one of the uncertainties.

Before the team can even start drilling, an advance team completed a 1100km traverse across the Ross Ice Shelf, dodging crevasses, to reach their field camp and drilling site. Supplied / Quantarctica Norwegian Polar Institute / SWAIS2C

Before the team could even start drilling, an advance team towing the rig and freight containers of equipment had to complete a 1100km traverse across the Ross Ice Shelf – dodging crevasses – to reach their field camp and drilling site.

Antarctic Research Centre director Rob McKay – who will be offering support from New Zealand – says it’s clear from ice sheet models that ice loss can rapidly accelerate.

“We just don’t know under what threshold, what temperature change that would occur under. Is it 1.5°C, 2°C, as defined by the target of dangerous climate change, by the Paris Climate Agreement?”

That’s where the expedition – formally known as SWAIS2°C (Sensitivity of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet to 2°C) – comes in.

“We’re trying to drill to find, when was the last time it was those temperatures and did we lose completely the West Antarctic ice sheet?” Rob says.

“That will help us fine-tune those models … that are predicting future sea level loss.”

A finely tuned machine

A few weeks ago, an advance crew set out on an 1100km journey across the Ross Ice Shelf, using snow vehicles to lug tents, provisions, and a huge drilling rig; navigating crevasses as they went.

An advance crew set out on the traverse from Scott Base for Crary Ice Rise in November, using PistenBully snow vehicles to tow a full drill rig and other essential equipment for the project. Supplied / Anthony Powell (Antarctica NZ)

They were heading for Crary Ice Rise, this season’s sampling location, where hundreds of metres of ice sits directly on top of bedrock.

With a rudimentary camp set up and a runway on the ice cleared, the rest of the 29-strong team will gradually assemble, flying first to Scott Base and then on to Crary to continue building up the site.

Horgan is one of this year’s two co-chief scientists on the ice.

“It’s not a town, but it’s certainly a small neighborhood of tents,” he says. “So there’ll be a couple of weeks of preparation, a very large drill tent has to be put up, all of the hot water drilling system has to be installed in that tent, and then the deep drilling system has to be installed.”

The drill system itself is a traditional drilling rig of the same type that’s used in mining, and the irony is not lost on Rob McKay.

“Rather perversely, we’re looking for climate change, but we’re using extractive industry technology to get these climate records that are preserved in the sediment.”

Huw Horgan is one of two co-chief scientists in Antarctica this year, for the project’s third expedition. Supplied / Anthony Powell (Antarctica NZ)

Once everything is in place, the team will have a window of about 10 days to complete the drilling.

First up is the hot water drilling team, whose task is to get through more than 500m of ice.

“That’s no small undertaking,” Horgan says. “The hole they make is about 35cm wide, right down to the base of the ice sheet.”

From there, the rock drilling team takes over, with the aim of extracting up to 200m of sediment from beneath the ice sheet.

The whole time they’re drilling, the hole through the ice will be threatening to close over.

“It’s cold, and it’s pressing in from the side, so we continuously have to be feeding hot water down through the system,” Horgan says. “And the rock drilling team is spinning their drill down at the base and pulling up geological core three metres at a time.”

Members of the 2024 expedition team assemble pieces of the sea riser – a protective steel casing for the main drill. Supplied / Ana Tovey / SWAIS2°C

For the first two seasons, the team was drilling at a different site, where there was an ‘ocean cavity’ – a layer of sea water between the bottom of the ice sheet and the sediment layer.

At the new site, there’s no water – the ice sheet sits directly on top of the rock.

McKay says while that means the team doesn’t need to contend with the ice sheet shifting with the tides, it creates a different technical challenge.

“When the ice is actually sitting on the ground, that ground ends up being frozen. So what we want to make sure is that that drill pipe is spinning fast enough and there’s enough heat going down the hole that it doesn’t actually freeze and stick in the hole.”

They also don’t know whether they’ll encounter chunks of ice encased in the sediment layer, which could add to the challenge.

“It’s what we call frontier science,” McKay says. “We’ll find out only when we’re drilling.”

The process of extracting the core has several stages, each with different technical challenges, made more difficult by the harsh Antarctic conditions the team is working in. Supplied / SWAIS2C

Try – and try again

During both previous attempts, the bad news landed in late December like a lump of coal.

“I’ve destroyed one Christmas Eve dinner with the first news, and then I think it was the 23rd of December last year.”

Unlike the team on the ice, though, Rob had the “luxury” of being surrounded by family.

“I know it sounds romantic being in a tent in Antarctica and the adventure of all that, but when you invest so much of your life into this and then you have to sit there for two or three weeks after not achieving your objectives… their disappointment far outweighs mine.”

Last year’s expedition camp and drilling site was located near the Kamb Ice Stream, on the Ross Ice Shelf – hundreds of kilometres from Scott Base and thousands of kilometres from family and friends. Supplied / Anthony Powell (Antarctica NZ)

Different things have gone wrong in each season, Huw says.

The team that headed down in 2023 were using a novel fibreglass drill tube, which would have had great pay-off if it had worked. But it didn’t behave as expected at extremely cold temperatures, and they were forced to abandon the drilling.

Next season they headed back with more conventional steel equipment, but the main drive shaft – “the part that never breaks” – broke.

Despite that, Horgan says they’re sticking with steel. “There’s been a great deal of work, a great deal of testing, and some great failsafes, some redundancies built into it, giving us more confidence.”

There is no question of giving up the project. “We don’t do it because we think it’s fun. We do it because it’s important.”

Huw Horgan’s co-chief scientist on the ice, Molly Patterson, says it’s always disappointing when something doesn’t work.

“But … those setbacks and challenges are really a part of this process of success that maybe we don’t talk about in science enough.”

She’s been encouraged by how the drillers and engineers have responded in the intervening year. “That’s actually what gives me a lot of confidence going into this season.”

Molly Patterson is one of two co-chief scientists in Antarctica this year, for the third expedition of the Sensitivity of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet to 2°C project. Supplied / Ana Tovey (GNS)

She pays “enough” attention to climate politics to really want the project to succeed this year, though. “I guess that might be the best way to say that. I think science just needs a win right now.”

What they find could have huge implications for communities.

“Globally, there’s about 68 million people that live near coastlines and are going to be exposed to these hazards that are caused by sea level rise,” Patterson says.

Seas are already rising, and some Antarctic melt is inevitable.

“We see our job as helping to determine sort of how much and how fast sea level is going to rise,” Huw says. “That’s where we have to hand it over to policymakers and to engineers and to our coastal communities so they can then use that knowledge to adapt and prepare in the best way fit.”

There is no time to hesitate, she says.

“These systems can move quickly, they can move in unexpected ways. On one level that doesn’t scare me, but to have that knowledge and to not act on it, that scares me.”

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A breakdown of your no-bra summer

Source: Radio New Zealand

A few weeks ago, Lou Heller, a stylist, saw a trend from her social media in real life at a New Zealand Fashion Week event in Christchurch.

A young woman at the event, who looked in her 20s, was wearing a sheer black dress. In lieu of a bra, she wore a bright purple bikini top, the pop of colour a perfect partner to the black.

“And she looked amazing,” says Lou, of the woman who wore the look confidently on her fuller figure, a push against the new wave of skinny models recently returning to fashion runways.

Singer-songwriter Charli XCX isn’t afraid of some nipple show and going out without a bra.

THIBAUD MORITZ

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Ombudsman investigating Hawke’s Bay Regional Council’s role in post-cyclone buyout

Source: Radio New Zealand

Some people do not want to leave land that was red zoned after Cyclone Gabrielle, while others have accepted pay-outs but continue to own their red-zone land but are not able to live on it. RNZ / Alexa Cook

The Ombudsman is investigating the Hawke’s Bay Regional Council’s role in the post-cyclone buyout scheme after a number of complaints were made.

The council was responsible for putting thousands of properties into categories 1, 2 and 3 after Cyclone Gabrielle hit in 2023. It meant hundreds of people left the areas of Esk Valley, Tangoio and Pakowhai.

Category 3 is essentially a ‘red zone’ as the council deemed the risk to life ‘intolerable’ and created a buy out scheme for residents, although some people refused to leave and have remained living there.

“We are currently investigating complaints from 11 individuals about the Hawkes Bay Regional Council’s land categorisation process,” a spokesperson for the Ombudsman said.

The Ombudsman’s office told RNZ that the Chief Ombudsman, John Allen, was required by law to keep his enquiries confidential, so he was “unable to comment in any more detail about them at this stage”.

“In August, during an engagement visit to the region, Mr Allen also met with some of the residents with concerns about the land categorisation and buy-back scheme. He also talked to local authorities. The purpose was to listen to the different perspectives and to understand the issues.”

The aftermath of massive flooding that swept through the Esk Valley during Cyclone Gabrielle. The river’s normal path can be seen running down the right of the valley. RNZ / Sally Murphy

The Hawke’s Bay Regional Council (HBRC) told RNZ it “welcomes the Ombudsman’s involvement”, and that there are “a very small number of complaints remaining”.

“For those complaints that Council was unable to resolve, we encouraged the complainants to direct their concerns to the Office of the Ombudsman so an independent party could assist with resolution.

“We acknowledge and respect the role that the Ombudsman plays in supporting Councils and their communities to navigate complex issues of this nature,” a spokesperson said.

The council said it was confident the land categorisation process was carried out correctly and fairly.

“Council considers it administered the Hawke’s Bay Regional Council Land Categorisation Process and Framework appropriately.”

‘I’m angry, why put everyone through all that?’

In November, HBRC announced it was phasing out the land categorisation labels, saying once it upgraded flood hazards maps the Category 3 land would no longer be classified this way.

Tangoio landowner Jennifer Gibson disagreed with HBRC. Her family owned a section by the beach where they were planning to build a home, but then after the cyclone it was classified as Category 3.

“It was about the beach dream, working hard to finally realise our dream just to have it taken away,” she said.

The family eventually accepted a buyout offer from the council, but Gibson told RNZ there was a lack of consultation and the decision felt forced on them.

“It really was a disastrous time with a whole lot of back and forth emails and phone calls trying to stop it from happening – it all came to nothing and now they are changing their minds. It’s pretty frustrating.

“I’m angry, why put everyone through all that? There was a lot of money spent on the categorisations, lot of people put a lot of effort and time into it. What a waste of ratepayer money,” she said.

Gibson said if she had known the council was going to phase out Category 3 then she would not have taken its buyout offer.

“I’d like the option to have my land back. The council owns my land. I wanted to buy back the title off them and not build on it ever, but just have a little garden reserve where I can camp in summer. But they refused to let me do that,” she said.

Flood damage in the Esk Valley in Hawke’s Bay. RNZ / Tess Brunton

While the regional council was in charge of categorising the land, Hastings District Council (HDC) was responsible for the buy-out policy in Category 3. A spokesperson told RNZ they felt the process was fair, transparent and robust.

“The buyout offers were voluntary, all the information was shared with all property owners and all followed the same process, ultimately assessed by an independent panel. In addition all property owners had the opportunity to carry out independent valuations.

“When these owners sold their land to HDC through the buyout process a covenant was placed on the title which permanently restricts the ability to use the land for temporary or permanent residential purposes,” said the spokesperson.

HDC said although HBRC’s Category 3 terminology may be phased out when updated flood risk modelling is completed, “it does not remove the risk to life in these locations”.

The regional council said with respect to land categorisation, which HBRC was responsible for, property owners had considerable opportunity to participate in the process over the past two years via notification of provisional categorisations, public meetings and opportunities for individual reassessment.

“The intention has always been to retire land categorisation once updated flood modelling had been completed, and when all properties have moved out of Category 2C to 1.”

The council said it was talking to some Category 3 property owners who wished to have their categorisation removed.

We remain open to considering additional information, not previously available to Council’s experts, regarding their properties and the property owners may also obtain their own independent expert opinion that supports their view on risk which Council will consider.”

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– Published by EveningReport.nz and AsiaPacificReport.nz, see: MIL OSI in partnership with Radio New Zealand

The stories that defined a year

Source: Radio New Zealand

From left to right: Alexia Russell, Sharon Brettkelly, Davina Zimmer, Gwen McClure and Amanda Gillies Cole Eastham-Farrelly

As the year draws to a close, The Detail looks back at 12 months of deep dives, sharp analysis, and the kinds of conversations that helped New Zealanders make sense of a turbulent, fast-moving world

If 2025 had a national soundtrack, it would be a layered mix of money worries, power struggles, climate shocks, consumer battles, and sporting turbulence.

And The Detail has spent the year listening to each beat, producing a full deep-dive look at each genre, offering not just a record of what has happened but a guide to understanding how – and why – it matters.

The team – Alexia Russell, Amanda Gillies, Davina Zimmer, Gwen McClure, and Sharon Brettkelly – has worked to slow down the news cycle just enough to understand it.

We have gone to the experts – economists, environmentalists, journalists, CEOs, lawyers, doctors, among others – to untangle the complexities of financial policy, to reveal the human stories behind climate change, to hold those in power to account, and to examine sporting wins and losses – and, boy, those losses on the world stage have hurt.

We have tried to guide listeners through the wide-ranging ripple effects of the cost-of-living crunch that has refused to ease, and to tap into the growing frustrations of New Zealanders trying to navigate both online scams and advances.

We have explored why environmental decisions have become some of the most decisive – and divisive – political flashpoints.

Sharon Brettkelly also travelled to Taiwan, interviewing locals about what it is like to live in the shadow of China and to face a possible invasion.

In central Taipei. Sharon Brettkelly

Once a year in Taiwan, she discovered, air raid sirens ring out in a warning to residents to take cover against an attack. Locals know the drill because [https://newsroom.co.nz/2025/10/06/not-if-but-when-taiwan-waits-for-china-to-leap/

it has been going on for years].

And while she was there, she caught up with Mark Hanson, a Taiwan-based New Zealand journalist, about the onslaught of disinformation, looking at claims that mainland China uses influencers, television stars, offshore “content farms” and generative artificial intelligence to swamp the island state with disinformation.

Her international travels also took her to Jordan, where the tourism industry propping up the country’s economy has been all but decimated by the war in neighbouring Israel.

It may have been peak tourist season during her visit, but visitor numbers were “very weak”, hurting everyone from Bedouin guides to the horse and donkey owners whose livelihoods are in ruins.

The war in Gaza has severely impacted Jordan’s tourism industry. Pietra Brettkelly

A 2025 highlight for Brettkelly was her interview with the young heroes behind a mercy dash to Antarctica to rescue a patient who needed urgent medical care. Brettkelly delved into the life and death decisions made, and what happens when you get beyond the point of safe return, and the weather turns bad.

Amanda Gillies covered the long and chaotic Tom Phillips saga that captured a global audience and ended in a hail of bullets.

The morning after the wanted father was shot dead by police, she spoke to Stuff journalist Tony Wall, [ https://newsroom.co.nz/2025/09/10/the-confused-and-chaotic-legacy-of-tom-phillips/

who’s followed the story since day one], and who was on the ground in Marokopa just hours after the fatal shooting, making his way there via a goat track after roads were closed off.

It was The Detail’s most listened to podcast for the year, by quite some distance.

Gillies also took the country’s political temperature, a year out from the next general election, revealing New Zealand is feeling restless and tired, not just of politics, but of politicians.

Prime Minister Christopher Luxon and Labour Party leader Chris Hipkins. RNZ

The public mood is “one of disillusionment with a lot of the political scene, frankly”, former political editor turned RNZ investigative reporter and host Guyon Espiner told Gillies.

Her sporting episodes ranged from the All Blacks’ evolving identity and the resurgence of women’s sport, to match fixing and Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE), described as a silent killer – a dark and devastating side of contact sport that is only revealed after death. https://newsroom.co.nz/2025/09/01/the-silent-killer-of-kiwi-sport/

Among those who spoke to Gillies were top sports journalists and commentators Suzanne McFadden, Rikki Swannell, Dana Johannsen, Dylan Cleaver, Phil Gifford, Elliott Smith, and Jamie Wall.

Alexia Russell tackled a subject most people don’t want to talk about – their death and post-mortem wishes. But as she pointed out, there are so many reasons to have that conversation, and to write a will.

She spoke to a couple who learned the hard way what happens when you don’t have a will, and to the Public Trust about the [ https://newsroom.co.nz/2025/07/14/why-you-should-write-a-will-now/

costs, procedures, and pitfalls] involved when drawing up – or putting off – a will.

‘Funding a good death’ was the headline on Russell’s story on the woefully underfunded palliative care system.

Yes, she said at the time, it was “another story about the stretched New Zealand health service”, but it affects 89 percent of us who will die naturally and will require nursing at the end of their lives.

She revealed why the palliative care sector, much of it provided through the efforts of volunteers, has felt under attack.

Sue Ira says healthy, uncompacted soils are nature’s quiet way of keeping the water cycle working as it should. Davina Zimmer

And Russell wasn’t afraid to get her hands dirty for a podcast on stormwater solutions lying in the soil.

She spoke to an industry expert in water-sensitive design – who had a spade in hand for the interview – about raising awareness of how we treat the most fundamental rain sponge in our cities – soil.

Natural disasters, including Auckland’s Anniversary weekend floods in 2023 and the Christchurch earthquakes, have prompted some regions to rethink flooding issues.

The soil found in new development areas has often been compacted so tightly that it’s lost all its nutrients and sponge-like capacity to absorb water. Davina Zimmer

On a lighter note, Russell caught up with Kiwi actor Bruce Hopkins, who played Gamling in The Lord of the Rings, and who gave her an exclusive insight into the mateship among the cast behind this ground-breaking and loved trilogy.

With a tape recorder in hand, he reunited with most of the core cast at a fantasy fan convention in London and told Russell he was blown away 25 years ago by the camaraderie on the original set, and those bonds are still in place. Fans were delighted.

Just weeks before Christmas, Gwen McClure looked at the terror under the tree – the toys that can kill.

In the wake of the asbestos-contaminated sand, toy recalls, and children’s products failing safety tests, she asked how to shop for your kids this festive season.

With the cost of living sky-high, McClure appreciated that there is temptation to turn to cheap international e-commerce sites. But Gemma Rasmussen, Consumer NZ’s head of research and advocacy, gave her one piece of advice on that for listeners: don’t.

Consumer New Zealand and McClure also examined sunscreen brands, highlighting 16 of 20 tested products that came back lower than their SPF labels.

Yet, it didn’t lead to them being pulled from New Zealand shelves.

The episode explained the laws around sunscreen and where enforcement falls short, and what consumers can do to ensure they’re getting good protection from their sunscreens.

Another podcast by McClure delved into the health crisis being pushed by a drug crisis in Fiji.

A growing HIV outbreak there is being driven by a methamphetamine crisis, and an expert told McClure that the country could become a semi-Narco state.

Simon Peterson, Chief Customs Officer, Child Exploitation Operations Team Greenstone

When Davina Zimmer did a [ https://newsroom.co.nz/2025/11/18/nzs-child-sexual-exploitation-crisis/

podcast episode about how Customs tries to stop child sexual exploitation material ] at our borders, listeners were in touch, wanting to know what happens to the perpetrators.

So she talked to two experts about the next steps, after the material is found, and what needs to change in New Zealand’s approach to handling the crisis.

Zimmer also looked into burnout, which she found out is increasingly becoming the norm, with a multitude of factors pushing New Zealanders across the country to breaking point. Think job insecurity, tight economic times, and pressure to always be on the clock.

But one expert says the tide is changing with a new generation entering the workforce, who are prioritising health and wellbeing.

Turtles, the pet turned pest, were another one in Zimmer’s file this year.

She spoke to the head of Natural Environment Specialist Services at Auckland Council, and revealed that turtles are disturbing native wildlife, muddying waterways, and killing the occasional possum, cat, or rabbit along the way.

Donna Moot has been running her turtle rescue for almost 20 years. Supplied

And that brings to an end the snapshot of our “news year” soundtrack. It had a little bit of everything, with a blended thump of household budgets, the clash of politics, the swell of environment stories, the sting of consumer pressures and the roar of sport.

The team thanks every person who gave up their time to share their knowledge and insight for a podcast this year; it’s always appreciated. A special shout-out to guest podcast hosts Connor McLay, Susana Lei’ataua, and Jimmy Ellingham, and also to the journalists at Newsroom, who were regular guests.

The Detail was honoured to be named the best news and current affairs podcast at the 2025 NZ Radio and Podcast Awards, and to receive Gold for Best Current Affairs Podcast at the 2025 NZ Podcast Awards.

Check out how to listen to and follow The Detail here.

You can also stay up-to-date by liking us on Facebook or following us on Twitter.

– Published by EveningReport.nz and AsiaPacificReport.nz, see: MIL OSI in partnership with Radio New Zealand

Borrowers get refunds in $15m student loan error

Source: Radio New Zealand

Inland Revenue has rectified an error that affected more than 150,000 student loan borrowers. RNZ

An Inland Revenue system fix last weekend has rectified an error that affected more than 150,000 student loan borrowers.

Inland Revenue said in 2020, as part of its business transformation project, student loan accounts were moved into a new system.

“This was extremely complex and with complexity errors can arise.”

Last year, Inland Revenue found an error with the student loan interest calculation for some student loan accounts, which resulted in borrowers being overcharged or underchanged interest. The error was worth $15 million.

“Student loan interest calculations are complex, and some of the underlying causes relate to before the system upgrades were made through our business transformation.

“It took some time for us to establish the causes, establish fixes and test them. We also needed to do some manual work in preparation for making a system fix. Implementing the system fix required a system outage and to limit the impact the outage needed to take place on a weekend that is not on (or close to) a significant tax filing date.

“Inland Revenue successfully implemented a system fix over the weekend of 6 and 7 December 2025. We are confident that the system fix we have implemented has resolved this system error,” a spokesperson said.

About 23,000 people who had paid off their loans had been given a refund, an average of $10.50.

Another 64,500 still paying off their student loans received a credit, of an average $10.

About 67,000 people had interest added and then written off. IRD said most had less than $20 written off.

IRD said it had notified the affected borrowers.

“Customers will not receive an unexpected bill due to this error. Inland Revenue has written off the undercharged interested that was applied to affected customers’ accounts. Customers have been credited overcharged interest or refunded if the loan has been repaid.

“The total amount written off due to this error is approximately $15 million, which is less than 0.1 percent of all student loan balances.”

One affected borrower said she had been told she owed $276.61 for loan interest that was incorrectly calculated during her time overseas.

She refused to pay while she asked for more information, during which time IRD contacted her employer to deduct from her pay directly.

When she filed an Official Information Act request to find out more about what had happened, she was told the balance had been reduced to zero.

She was then told the problem had been resolved and she was getting a $1.31 refund.

Inland Revenue said it was not always possible to fix problems immediately.

“Some errors take time to be discovered and appropriate fixes to be worked through. When we do find an error, or someone alerts us to something that is not working as intended, we work as quickly as we can to understand what the error is and fix it. Every year, we update our systems and processes multiple times to make improvements. While very few errors come from these updates, occasionally there are some.”

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– Published by EveningReport.nz and AsiaPacificReport.nz, see: MIL OSI in partnership with Radio New Zealand

Associate transport minister bars Holcim from using foreign-flagged ship for transport

Source: Radio New Zealand

A Holcim Cement plant on the West Coast. RNZ / Tracy Neal

A multinational cement company says local seafaring jobs will suffer if it cannot transport its product around New Zealand on a foreign-flagged ship.

Holcim said it had entered a time charter with Swiss-based NovaAlgoma Cement Carriers (NACC), which had agreed to provide a temporary ship for three years while Holcim built a replacement for its ageing vessel.

But on Wednesday, Associate Transport Minister James Meager declined NACC’s application for authorisation to operate a coastal shipping service in New Zealand waters.

“The minister’s decision has chosen road transport over coastal shipping,” Holcim said in a statement.

“This prevents a temporary coastal shipping solution while Holcim sought a purpose-built vessel as a replacement for the inefficient and costly 27-year-old MV Buffalo.”

Meager told RNZ Holcim’s bid did not meet maritime law requirements.

Associate Transport Minister James Meager. RNZ / Samuel Rillstone

Coastal cargo can generally only be carried by a New Zealand ship unless authorisation to carry coastal cargo under section 198(2) of the Maritime Transport Act is given.

Meager said while foreign ships could carry coastal cargo in certain situations, he did not believe Holcim’s application met the intent of the law, aimed at protecting New Zealand coastal shipping for local commercial interests.

“Generally, those authorisations are very short, if not one-off cargo movements to fill a gap or where a vessel is not immediately available. After careful consideration, we made the decision that the application did not meet that threshold.

“I appreciate that there has been a high degree of interest in the outcome of the application. The public should have confidence that all authorisations to carry coastal cargo align with the intent of section 198 of the Act, and that has been my priority throughout this process.”

Holcim said that with the NACC unable to commit to a locally flagged vessel for the short-term charter, and no other local vessels capable of meeting the supply of cement required to keep up with demand, it had no choice but to spend millions of dollars pivoting to road transport.

“This is an undesirable, but now necessary, decision. We have to ensure the continuation of cement supply to our customers across both the North and South Islands. Approximately 15,000 additional tonnes of bulk cement must now be hauled in over 500 trucks on roads every month.

“Creating a much larger road transport supply chain will cost Holcim millions of dollars. There will come a point where the significant investment in the road network will make a return to coastal shipping unviable.

“The Minister has blocked our credible alternative, so to claim his decision protects local shipping capacity is incorrect. It reduces it. We have viable solutions, including the continued use of coastal shipping, and had hoped the Minister would be open to discussing them, but he would not meet with us.”

Meager said Holcim could work with the Transport Ministry to find a solution for transporting cement around the country.

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Disgraced former Gloriavale leader Howard Temple to be sentenced for sex offences

Source: Radio New Zealand

Howard Temple. RNZ / Nate McKinnon

The disgraced former leader of Gloriavale will be sentenced on Friday morning for sexual offending against girls and young women in the community.

Howard Temple initially denied 24 charges of sexual offending against girls and women over a period of more than 20 years.

However, three days into his trial in July, he pleaded amended charges.

The 85-year-old admitted five counts of indecent assault, five of doing an indecent act and two of common assault.

Some of the charges were representative, meaning they related to repeated offending.

Temple was the West Coast Christian community’s so-called Overseeing Shepherd from 2018 when its founder Hopeful Christian died.

He resigned in August about a fortnight after pleading guilty to the offending.

Five of the nine complainants gave evidence over the first two days of the trial, describing a culture of fierce patriarchy, where women and girls were at risk of being deemed rebellious or worldly for anything from tying the belt on their uniform incorrectly, to allowing too much hair to be visible under their headscarves.

The women said there was no way to refuse Temple, nor to report his actions to anyone, in the context of the complete control Gloriavale’s leaders wielded over members.

The women told the court they were too scared to say anything because they knew women were always blamed in similar circumstances, and risked being branded as flirts or whores, being hauled into a “servants and shepherds” meeting and berated for not following the bible, ostracised by the community, or prevented from marrying.

“He had the power to change the trajectory of your life,” one woman said.

The women described Temple taking advantage of the domestic duties they performed to touch, caress and grope them, such as during meal times, when they would be serving large, heavy jugs of non-alcoholic cider or hot drinks to tables of 50 or more. One woman said she was left without “any hands free to protect myself”.

The women said it was common practice to attempt to arrive early so they could be allocated to any table except Temple’s.

The only space to pour would be at his side at the head of the table, which allowed him to grab the young women around the waist, caressing them from their calves to their lower backs or grabbing them around their waists.

In January, Temple made a public apology to victims of historic sexual abuse at the community following the Royal Commission of Inquiry into Abuse in Care.

The apology was one of the inquiry’s recommendations, however, former members rejected it as insincere.

About 600 people are believed to live at Gloriavale’s compound at Lake Haupuri, about 60 kilometres from Greymouth.

The group, which began in 1969 as the Springbank Christian Community near Rangiora, was founded by Australian evangelist Neville Cooper, who would later be known as Hopeful Christian.

Christian was himself jailed in the 1990s for sexually assaulting a young woman in the community.

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Ageing cardiac workforce under strain

Source: Radio New Zealand

Half of New Zealand’s cardiology workforce will be nearing retirement by 2039. 123rf.com

  • Half New Zealand’s cardiology workforce nearing retirement by 2039
  • NZ needs 38 percent more specialists to match Australia
  • Wait times continue to increase
  • More “flexibility” needed to attract and retain staff.

More than half the country’s heart specialists are over 50, and nearly one in five is older than 60, a new study has found.

The paper published in The New Zealand Medical Journal on Friday is based on a survey sent by the Cardiac Society of Australia and New Zealand last year to all its members working in public hospitals.

Lead author Dr Selwyn Wong said of the 154 Health NZ-employed cardiologists, over half were over 50, and 35 percent were over 55 – including 18 percent who were older than 60.

“So, while it’s a blunt tool, the expectation is that some of those older ones might be leaving the profession. And we’ve seen some examples of that, people leaving the public system and going into private practice towards the end of their careers, or leaving the profession completely.”

Dr Wong, who has worked at Middlemore Hospital for 25 years himself, said the workload on cardiologists had got increasingly intense over time, with more referrals, sicker patients – but fewer resources.

“Over the years we’ve seen more resource constraints, not just in cardiology but right across the hospital.

“More and more is being squeezed out of the workforce, so you’re ending up doing more and more work, with less down time.”

The survey found 14 percent of cardiology positions were vacant.

Dr Wong said, however, that was just the “funded” positions – not an indication of the true number of specialists needed to deal with increased demand.

Dr Selwyn Wong. Supplied / Allevia Cardiology Ascot

“We have one cardiologist per 35,000 people, while Canada and Australia have one cardiologist per 25,000 people, and I think in Sydney it’s one per 15,000.

“So if we want to match those places, we’d need to go from 154 to 213: an extra 60 cardiologists, or a 38 percent increase on what we have now.”

Furthermore, cardiologists were not evenly distributed across the country.

In the five districts with the highest proportion of Māori and Pacific peoples (who had the worst rates of heart disease) the ratios of specialists to population exceed the national average: Tairāwhiti 54,000; Counties Manukau 38,000; Lakes 61,000; Northland 52,000; Hawke’s Bay 47,000.

A separate study published in The New Zealand Medical Journal on Friday showed after half a century of heart attacks trending down, progress had stalled – with a widening ethnic disparity for Māori and Pacific people.

Dr Wong said specialist assessment referrals and the wait times for those appointments were rising, along with delays for cardiac ultrasound and cardiac catheterisation.

The shortfalls were exacerbated by demands and employment patterns during and after the Covid-19 pandemic.

“The staffing might be acceptable if everyone is at work, but not everyone is at work because people are allowed leave or they get sick or they’re at conferences.

“We’ve calculated that in our department most of the time there are two people away out of a staff of 16 or 18.”

The survey found about 73 percent of cardiologists working in New Zealand were trained in this country.

Dr Wong said, however, other internationally-trained cardiologists and New Zealand trained specialists now working overseas could be encouraged to take up jobs here, if they had access to the kind of resources they were used to.

“Some more flexibility would help, and that would also help retain those older specialists we have in the system now, for whom being on call so often is increasingly burdensome.”

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Two aircraft came within 41 seconds of a head-on collision, TAIC report reveals

Source: Radio New Zealand

The larger aircraft involved in the near-miss was a Q-300 similar to this one. 123rf

Two aircraft with a combined 42 people on board came within 41 seconds of a head-on collision over Northland, a report from the Transport Accident Investigation Commission (TAIC) has revealed.

TAIC put the near-miss down to failures in the way New Zealand’s airspace is managed.

The Commission found there had been no review of Whangārei airspace for more than a decade, despite increasing air traffic and a rule that airspace should be reviewed every five years.

Also alarming was the finding that no agency in New Zealand had responsibility for conducting such reviews, an omission the commission said needed to be addressed urgently.

According to the report, which was released on Friday morning, an Air New Zealand Q-300 with 40 people on board was flying south from Whangārei to Auckland on the morning of 28 August 2023.

Around the same time a flying school’s Beech Duchess, with two people on board, was heading north from Ardmore to Whangārei using the same flight path.

The report stated the air traffic controller instructed both aircraft to descend into “uncontrolled airspace” and pass each other there.

That meant responsibility for avoiding a collision passed from air traffic control to the two pilots.

That was at the time a commonly used work-around, due to air traffic control workload and the limited amount of controlled airspace available for keeping planes apart.

Air space diagram showing the paths of the two aircraft on 28 August 2023. Supplied / TAIC

The Q-300 was flying in cloud at 6000 feet when the Beech descended to the same altitude in front of it.

Over the Brynderwyn Hills the Q-300 crew received an alert from the plane’s airborne collision avoidance system (ACAS), described in the report as a “last line of defence”.

Moments later an alert also showed up on the air controller’s radar and the Q-300 was given clearance to climb to 8000 feet, above the approaching Beech.

The Beech did not have, and was not required to have, an ACAS system.

At the closest point the aircraft were 8km from each other – or just 41 seconds apart at their 700km/h closing speed.

“Closing speed” describes how fast two objects are approaching each other.

TAIC chief commissioner David Clarke said no one was hurt and no damage resulted, but it was too close.

“It happened because the controller or flight service officer hadn’t provided sufficiently timely traffic information after sending both flights into uncontrolled airspace,” he said.

“This left each crew flying in cloud, unable to see the other plane, unaware of the immediacy of potential conflicts, and the crew of the Beech poorly placed to coordinate their own avoidance actions.”

Clarke said the 42 crew and passengers ended up in that risky situation due to long-standing weaknesses in the design of the Whangārei area airspace.

“Despite recurring concerns raised by pilots, controllers and the aerodrome operator, the North Sector airspace hasn’t had a comprehensive review since 2014, even though reviews are required every five years.”

Nor was the problem limited to Whangārei.

“It’s a nationwide issue because New Zealand needs clear responsibility for conducting comprehensive airspace reviews,” Clarke said.

The Commission made a number of urgent recommendations as a result of the near-miss.

They included that the Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) carry out a full review of lower-level airspace around Whangārei and act on the findings.

The Commission also called on the Ministry of Transport to clarify which agency was responsible for ongoing nationwide airspace reviews, and ensure that agency identified any emerging risks before they led to more serious events.

In its response to the Commission, the CAA said it was working with Whangārei airspace stakeholders on safety improvements.

There had also been initial engagement with Kerikeri airspace users.

Throughout 2026 the CAA would carry out reviews of uncontrolled airspace at Timaru, Hokitika, Whakatāne and Kāpiti Coast aerodromes.

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Toddler strangled by loose strapping on unsafe bed, coroner rules

Source: Radio New Zealand

The coroner said the boy’s slat bed from The Warehouse was not inherently safe, nor is the updated model of the Living & Co bed currently for sale. Supplied

A 19-month-old Canterbury boy who was strangled by loose strapping hanging from slats under an unsafe bed sold by The Warehouse died in a preventable accident, a coroner has ruled.

Coroner Ruth Thomas said the boy’s death in May 2021 was a “tragic illustration of a latent hazard”.

In findings released on Friday, the coroner said the boy’s slat bed from The Warehouse was not inherently safe, nor is the updated model of the Living & Co bed currently for sale.

The boy’s grandmother bought the pine wood single slat bed from The Warehouse in January 2021, which was the same bed she had previously bought for the boy’s older brother.

About two weeks before his death, the boy’s bed was moved from a shared bedroom with his brother to his own room.

In the May accident, he was found unresponsive under his bed with a strap from the slats wrapped tightly around his neck and could not be revived.

Coroner Thomas ruled the boy died from ligature strangulation after a loose strap from the bed caught around his neck when he crawled underneath.

She described his death as a tragic accident.

“[He] was in his own bedroom, the room which should have been the safest room in the house for him to sleep, and to play,” she said.

“There is no evidence about what time of the night or morning [he] got under his bed.

“There is no evidence about whether his death may or may not have been prevented if [he] had been checked on earlier that morning. It is unknown whether he got caught in the loose strapping during the night, the early hours of that morning, or in the minutes before he was discovered at 10am.”

The 19-month-old was described by his father as an “energetic and curious little boy who liked to run around a lot”.

A police inspection found the packaging box and instruction manual that came with the slat bed in 2021 did not include warning labels about the fabric straps or the risk of strangulation and diagrams in the manual did not show the fabric straps at all.

After The Warehouse was notified of the boy’s death the company removed the bed from sale in its stores and online.

The coroner said the product was then updated and put back on the market.

“Since being notified of [the boy’s] death in 2021, the Warehouse Group have improved the bed assembly manual to instruct the strapping is oriented on the topside of the slats, included a red warning sticker, and increased the number of staples attaching the straps to the slats. These changes have improved the amount of weight the strapping could withstand before failing,” she said.

Thomas was not persuaded that the changes were sufficient.

“The most effective way to prevent the risk of strangulation from the straps attached to the bed slats is to design the problem out of existence,” she said.

“[The boy’s] bed was not, and the updated model of his bed currently for sale, is not inherently safe. Parents want to know the products they place in their children’s bedrooms are safe.”

The coroner recommended The Warehouse Group redesign the Living & Co slat bed to completely remove fabric strapping from the product and providing warnings with the product about the risk posed by loose fabric strapping on slat beds.

In the coroner’s report, The Warehouse Group said it did not necessarily agree with the statement that the updated model currently for sale was not inherently safe but it said it would work with its supplier to remove the strap from the bed design.

Coroner Thomas also recommended developing public safety messages for parents who might have never considered the hazard posed by loose straps under their children’s slat bed frames.

“I acknowledge that The Warehouse Group are now working to remove the strap from the bed design,” she said.

In a statement provided to RNZ, The Warehouse chief merchandise officer Carrie Fairley thanked the coroner for her report.

“Our hearts are with the family today. When this tragedy happened in 2021, our team acted immediately to enhance the bed and assembly instructions. Recently, the coroner shared further recommendations, and we’re taking these on board to make sure something like this can never happen again,” she said.

“None of us ever want these types of accidents to happen, and we encourage everyone to check that their beds are assembled correctly and strictly according to the instructions provided.”

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Public listed companies can expect rise in shareholder activism, major legal reform – report

Source: Radio New Zealand

Public listed companies can expect to see a rise in shareholder activism as the economy continues to recover. RNZ / Rebekah Parsons-King

New Zealand’s public listed companies can expect to see a rise in shareholder activism as well as major legal reforms ahead as the economy continues to recover.

Legal firm Chapman Tripp’s latest Corporate Governance Trends and Insights report indicates big changes ahead for the boards of NZX companies.

“It’s a dynamic period for bold governors. There’s quite a lot of change going on in our own business. We’re confronting what artificial intelligence means for us, as are many businesses,” Chapman Tripp corporate partner Roger Wallis said.

“There’s a lot coming up. We’re coming out of a deep recession, so with that comes quite a few opportunities for boards to have a fresh think about how they can get the best outcomes for their shareholders and other stakeholders.”

He said there were likely to “some quite profound changes in the way that companies are managed” over the next two or three years.

“Some of that will come out of law reform. Some of that will come out of the needs of investors at the time, as the marketplace changes.”

Among the changes would be an increase in shareholder activism from large and small shareholders, which was expected to gather further speed over the next 10 to 15 years.

“The world in which boards operate has become more difficult and the statutory framework has struggled to keep up,” he said.

“Obvious examples of this are the emergence of social media and the intrusion of privacy that it allows, and the pendulum swing away from prescription and toward simplicity.”

Contributing factors for increased activism

  • Larger shareholders with deep pockets seeking to increase their stake and influence
  • A continuing flow of small shareholders to the share market, and their ability to mobilise through Sharesies and the New Zealand Shareholders’ Association
  • A complex mesh of challenges that businesses will have to negotiate – the AI revolution
  • environmental, economic and regulatory impacts of climate change, the changing geopolitical environment and what to expect as developed economies, including New Zealand, confront stubborn fiscal constraints and the social pressures they will generate.

The law reforms coming

“Reform of the governance statutory framework is very much on the agenda for 2026,” Wallis said, adding change had been coming for some years.

The Law Commission was expected to advance a review of directors’ duties, with the final report due before the end of 2027.

Wallis said the reforms would also include modernisation, simplification and digitisation changes to the Companies Act, including the long-awaited director role-holder identification number.

“There’s some things NZX can do to make things simpler for high growth companies — to make the settings more attractive, more flexible,” Wallis said.

“There’s a role to make it easier to convey information to investors using more modern technologies, but for the governors of those companies, that puts a special onus on them to make sure that investors are getting high quality information.

“And so there are some useful things that the government is working on with NZX to try and make the rules more useful for investors and less costly for issuing companies.”

Changes in board compensation

Wallis said there had also been a welcomed shift in board composition of the NZX Top 75 over the past nine years:

  • The proportion of women directors as of 31 March 2025 was 35 percent, compared with 29 percent in 2017 and 24 percent in 2015
  • Women comprised 25 percent of board chairs compared with 8 percent in 2017
  • Heavier preponderance of independent directors to 78 percent from 68 percent in 2017.

“I think it’s just recognition of the benefits of greater diversity of thought,” he said, adding the length of time directors sat on boards had also changed.

“On average it’s only six years. . . that’s a healthy thing, that there is turnover and change over time, so that people bring fresh perspectives.”

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What’s the safest way to walk home at night? We’ve created an AI-powered app that shows you

Source: The Conversation (Au and NZ) – By Ilya Ilyankou, PhD candidate at SpaceTimeLab, UCL

Night-time view of Derry city centre in Northern Ireland, where the Safest Way app is promoted in pubs to advise on safer walking routes. Irina WS/Shutterstock

In the historic walled city of Derry (also known as Londonderry) in Northern Ireland, the night-time economy is vibrant. But like many urban centres, it presents safety challenges for those trying to get home. At night, a volunteer group known as the Inner City Assistance Team (iCat) often patrols the streets, intervening when people feel vulnerable – whether due to intoxication, a mental health issue, or simply being alone in unlit or unfamiliar areas.

Recently in the city, iCat introduced Safest Way, a pedestrian navigation app I co-developed during my PhD research at UCL. The app employs AI technology to show users not just faster but safer routes when walking to and from a destination – for example, the safest way home after a night out.

The necessity for such interventions is rooted in a stark disparity in how urban safety is experienced by women and men.

Research by the Office for National Statistics in 2022 found that 82% of women feel unsafe walking alone in parks or open spaces after dark, compared with 42% of men. And 63% of women actively avoid travelling alone when it is dark, against 34% of men.

A survey by Plan International UK in 2024 found that nearly three-quarters of girls and young women (ages 14-21) sometimes choose longer routes home to avoid potential danger, and almost two-thirds take taxis home at least once a month because of the risks associated with public transport or walking.

Such fears are a direct response to the built environment, with research showing that factors such as street lighting and conditions of pavements are key aspects of how safe women feel . Lighting is often the deciding factor: 60% of women who feel unsafe walking to and from public transport cite poor lighting as the primary reason.

Woman walking along a street at night.
The vast majority of women say they feel unsafe walking alone after dark.
Haru Photography/Shutterstock

Bridging the data gap

For decades, urban walkers have been treated like vehicles, with mapping tools optimising routes for a single metric – travel time – while treating a dark alley and a high street as identical, if the distance is the same. The question of feeling safe has been largely overlooked by this technology.

Part of the reason for this has been a lack of unified data. While local authorities and police forces collect vast amounts of information regarding street lighting, CCTV locations and crime incidents, this data is typically fragmented, incompatible or locked in static PDFs.

To bridge this gap, my team and I developed a data pipeline to aggregate these and other sources. In London, this required issuing dozens of freedom of information requests to borough councils to obtain precise geospatial data on over half a million street lights and thousands of public CCTV cameras. Our lighting map was awarded first prize in the 2025 UCL data visualisation competition.

We then combined this information with official police crime datasets, urban features such as the location of parks, industrial areas and run-down buildings, plus open-source Mapillary and OpenStreetMap data to “safety score” individual street segments.

Even then, objective data is only half the picture. Perceived safety – how safe a street feels to someone walking it – is critical to the route choices they make. To model this at scale, we turned to Artificial Intelligence: specifically, OpenAI’s vision-language model Clip (Contrastive Language-Image Pre-Training).

Unlike traditional computer vision that detects discrete objects such as street lamps, Clip (and similar vision-language models) encodes the semantic meaning of an entire scene – converting both visual data and user-provided text prompts into mathematical vectors.

Classifying subjective viewpoints such as “feels safe” or “quite risky” is an ongoing area of research. But in our 2025 study, we found a high correlation between the way AI and our human testers perceived safety, based on 500 photographs of London street segments.

While we now hope to scale this approach to modelling urban safety to millions of streets in the UK and beyond, we are realistic about the limitations. Past crime and urban design data can inform safer choices, but they cannot predict individual incidents. Our model is designed to support decision-making not guarantee safety, and it should sit alongside wider efforts by venues, councils and police to make night-time streets safer.

Derry’s early adoption

Since launching its beta version, the Safest Way app has been adopted by approximately 1,000 users, primarily in London and Derry, where most of the safety infrastructure is fully mapped.

Coordinating the Derry launch from afar was a challenge. A Safest Way team member visited the city early in 2025 to learn about the city’s complex political landscape firsthand. But the pilot’s success was made possible largely thanks to our partners, iCat.

The volunteer group’s co-founder, Stephen Henry, told the Irish News that the idea to bring the app to the city had come about following some attacks on women there in 2024.

The group now distributes beer mats with Safest Way logos and QR codes in local pubs. “We encourage staff to download the app too,” Henry points out, “as they often don’t leave the premises until 3am or later”.

Having recently showcased our technology at the Prototypes for Humanity conference in Dubai, we are now scaling the app’s data coverage – from street lighting to AI-modelled perception of safety – to cover all of England and then the rest of the UK. We aim to close the information gap that currently forces vulnerable groups to pay a safety tax.

In Derry, the technology already provides a digital layer of protection that complements the physical presence of volunteers. By including this tech in their vulnerability training for security staff and using it during their patrols, iCat is moving beyond reactive assistance to proactive risk reduction.

This article was commissioned in conjunction with Prototypes for Humanity, a global initiative that showcases and accelerates academic innovation to solve social and environmental challenges. The Conversation is the media partner of Prototypes for Humanity 2025.

The Conversation

Ilya Ilyankou receives PhD funding from the UKRI’s Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council and Ordnance Survey. He is a co-founder and chief technology officer of Safest Way, a startup supported by the Ordnance Survey’s Geovation accelerator programme. This article was commissioned in conjunction with Prototypes for Humanity, a global initiative that showcases and accelerates academic innovation to solve social and environmental challenges. The Conversation is the media partner of Prototypes for Humanity 2025.

ref. What’s the safest way to walk home at night? We’ve created an AI-powered app that shows you – https://theconversation.com/whats-the-safest-way-to-walk-home-at-night-weve-created-an-ai-powered-app-that-shows-you-271710

Grattan on Friday: Albanese’s social media ban is bold reform, but it will take years to judge its real success

Source: The Conversation (Au and NZ) – By Michelle Grattan, Professorial Fellow, University of Canberra

Among those cheering Wednesday’s start of the Albanese government’s groundbreaking ban on social media accounts for under-16s was former Liberal MP David Coleman, who lost his seat in May.

Coleman, who’d been assistant minister to Prime Minister Scott Morrison for mental health and suicide prevention, was communications spokesman under Peter Dutton. Pushed by Coleman’s advocacy, the Dutton opposition adopted the idea of a ban, which also was being pursued by the South Australian Labor government.

South Australian Premier Peter Malinauskas had been spurred into action by his wife, Annabel West, who’d just read Jonathan Haidt’s seminal 2024 book The Anxious Generation, documenting the devastating effect of the “great rewiring of childhood”.

The Murdoch media lent its considerable heft to the campaign for action.

The Albanese government took up the issue, and legislated a year ago.

While the current opposition seems to be looking for problems as the ban takes effect, Coleman tells The Conversation, “I’m really glad it’s happening. It’s a very significant change”. Obviously there will be implementation issues, Coleman concedes, but “a lot of kids won’t be on social media and it will strengthen the hand of parents”.

The Albanese government cops flak for not being reformist enough. Whatever the case in general, the ban goes against that narrative. This is certainly a bold move, into largely uncharted territory. It also has the government facing challenges on several fronts – and that’s apart from the High Court case that’s being brought against the ban.

An Essential poll published this week had 57% support for the ban – but only 43% of those aged 18–34 – and 22% opposed. (In July 2024, 69% were in favour.) Only 14% believed it would be effective in stopping most children using social media; 52% said it would be somewhat effective, stopping some children while others would find loopholes, and 34% said it wouldn’t be at all effective.

But what about those who are being stripped of an “entitlement”?

The ABC in an online survey of 17,000 under-16s asked whether they planned to stop using social media when the ban came in. Three-quarters of those who were social media users said they didn’t plan to stop using it when it was banned.

This should be taken with a grain of salt, given the survey was self-selecting and done ahead of the ban. Nevertheless there is certainly a youth insurgency out there.

On the ban’s first day, kids were flocking to platforms not covered by the ban. Many kids will have both the know-how and the desire to get around it. But will this insurgency diminish over time, when many younger kids who’ve never had accounts replace those who’ve lost accounts, as the latter move beyond the age limit?

Will the insurgency have any political ramifications? Obviously kids immediately affected are not current voters. Many parents will thank the government for giving them more agency in dealing with the family discussion about social media. But it’s hard to see the issue being a vote-changer, positively or negatively. Remember, penalties under the legislation fall on tech companies, not parents or young people.

eSafety Commissioner Julie Inman Grant promises not to be deterred by “those isolated cases of teenage creativity” in escaping the ban. “We’re playing the long game,” she said.

Inman Grant is issuing information notes to ten major platforms, and will report publicly before Christmas “on how these age restrictions are being implemented and whether, preliminarily, we see them working”. The ten sites are Facebook, Instagram, Threads, Kick, Reddit, Snapchat, TikTok, X (formerly twitter), Twitch and YouTube.

This will give a “baseline” for measuring ongoing compliance. Inman Grant promises to “target systemic failures after rigorous investigation”.

The short term questions around the ban will include, in particular, how willingly and successfully platforms implement it.

The more significant question goes to the long term. Some experts have opposed the ban on the grounds it will isolate young people who are disadvantaged or otherwise vulnerable. The strongest counterargument is that it will protect many young people from harm that can, at worst, lead to catastrophic outcomes.

It will take years to weigh those results, which will be the true measure of how important this reform will turn out to be.

From the government’s point of view, this week’s launch was against a nightmare background. By Wednesday the expenses controversy surrounding Communications Minister Anika Wells had spread to touch a welter of politicians.

The issue of Wells’ overuse of entitlements – all said to be within the “rules” – spread like wildfire to disclosures about both sides of politics and the Greens, with the provisions about “family reunion” yielding some eye-watering amounts funded by the taxpayer.

Awkwardly, the debate about big spending MPs comes just ahead of next week’s budget update, which will include some cuts and a message about tightening government outlays.

Albanese spent the week reminding people the rules were made during the Coalition’s time in office, after a travel controversy that forced Sussan Ley to quit the Turnbull ministry. While declining to acknowledge they need to be tightened – as they obviously do in relation to family reunions – he has a way open for that to be done.

The Independent Parliamentary Expenses Authority is reviewing Wells’ spending, after her self-referral. If it makes some recommendations for bringing the guidelines closer to community expectations, the government can, and should, use that peg to alter them.

Albanese himself hasn’t escaped the entitlements firestorm. The Australian Financial Review reported that in August the prime minister held a Sydney meeting of ministers just before an upmarket Labor Party fundraiser. In a workaround, this allowed the ministers attending the fundraiser to get taxpayer funding for flights and accommodation. Then on Wednesday night this week, the same thing happened with a ministry meeting in Sydney followed by end-of-year drinks for members of Labor’s Business Forum.

This was just another example of how politicians can drive a semi-trailer through their entitlement rules. It’s not just the kids who are good at finding ways to get around things.

The Conversation

Michelle Grattan does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organisation that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

ref. Grattan on Friday: Albanese’s social media ban is bold reform, but it will take years to judge its real success – https://theconversation.com/grattan-on-friday-albaneses-social-media-ban-is-bold-reform-but-it-will-take-years-to-judge-its-real-success-270795

Ardie Savea reigns supreme at New Zealand Rugby Awards

Source: Radio New Zealand

Ardie Savea. Kerry Marshall / www.photosport.nz

Ardie Savea’s performances across the year, in which he brought up his 100th Test, has seen him named the Kelvin R Tremain Memorial Player of the Year and All Blacks Player of the Year at the New Zealand Rugby Awards.

On the back of his superb season with Moana Pasifika, he was also named Super Rugby Pacific Player of the Year.

NZR CEO Mark Robinson said Savea had a level of consistency that is unmatched.

“He keeps raising the bar for what’s possible on an individual level, and brings his inspirational leadership to every environment. He is massively respected domestically and internationally.”

Meanwhile, superstar Braxton Sorensen-McGee added two more awards to her outstanding debut year.

After winning World Rugby’s Women’s 15s Breakthrough Player of the Year, the 19-year-old was named Black Ferns Player of the Year and New Zealand Age Grade Player of the Year.

Portia Woodman-Wickliffe (Ngāpuhi/Ngāti Kahu ki Whaingaroa/Ngāti Porou) also took home multiple awards, winning Super Rugby Aupiki Player of the Year and the Tom French Memorial Māori Player of the Year, acknowledging her on-field performance as well as being a role model for Māori within rugby.

The Black Ferns Sevens took out both Team of the Year and Coach of the Year, Cory Sweeney claiming the latter for a sixth time.

Rob Penney and Willie Walker were acknowledged as men’s and women’s Coach of the Year respectively, while Maggie Cogger-Orr was named Referee of the Year for the first time.

Full list of awards:

Fans Try of the Year –

Matt Fleming (Westlake Boys High School)

Super Rugby Pacific Player of the Year –

Ardie Savea (Moana Pasifika)

Super Rugby Aupiki Player of the Year –

Portia Woodman-Wickliffe (Blues)

Richard Crawshaw Memorial All Blacks Sevens Player of the Year –

Tone Ng Shiu

Black Ferns Sevens Player of the Year –

Jorja Miller

New Zealand Rugby Age Grade Player of the Year –

Braxton Sorensen-McGee (Auckland)

Rugby Club of the Year –

Waimate Rugby Football Club (South Canterbury)

Charles Monro Volunteer of the Year –

Jodi Taylor (Strath Taieri Rugby Club, Otago)

Community Impact Award –

Peter Hastings (Bay of Plenty)

Duane Monkley Medal (Bunnings Warehouse NPC Player of the Year) –

Josh Jacomb (Taranaki)

Fiao’o Faamausili Medal (Farah Palmer Cup presented by Bunnings Warehouse Player of the Year) –

Taufa Bason (Auckland)

Ian Kirkpatrick Medal (Bunnings Warehouse Heartland Championship Player of the Year) –

Keanu Taumata (Poverty Bay)

New Zealand Rugby Referee of the Year –

Maggie Cogger-Orr (Auckland)

Men’s Coach of the Year –

Rob Penney (Crusaders)

Men’s Team of the Year –

Crusaders

Women’s Coach of the Year –

Willie Walker

Women’s Team of the Year –

Blues

New Zealand Coach of the Year –

Cory Sweeney

Team of the Year –

Black Ferns Sevens

Māori Player of the Year –

Portia Woodman-Wickliffe (Ngāpuhi/Ngāti Kahu ki Whaingaroa/Ngāti Porou)

All Blacks Player of the Year –

Ardie Savea

Black Ferns Player of the Year –

Braxton Sorensen-McGee

Kelvin R Tremain Memorial Player of the Year –

Ardie Savea

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University of Auckland team uses umbilical stem cells to treat eye disease

Source: Radio New Zealand

If things went wrong, the stem cells could turn into other cells – like for hair or teeth – instead of eyes. 123RF

A University of Auckland team has made a breakthrough in using umbilical stem cells to treat an eye condition that can lead to blindness.

Professor Trevor Sherwin and his team have been using the cells to try to treat keratoconus, a disease of the cornea, the thin, clear dome on the front of the eye.

To be successful the stem cells had to be able to integrate into existing tissue before morphing into the right kind of cell. If things went wrong, they could turn into other cells – like for hair or teeth.

Sherwin told Nine to Noon that on Wednesday his team informed him of promising results – in lab tests on a donated, diseased cornea, the cells had started to create the right type of proteins.

For many people, corneal transplant was the only option to repair the eye if they developed keratoconus. Other treatments only slowed or stopped progress.

But there was a long wait list, and the tissue had to come from a deceased donor, he said.

The team was trying to find another way.

“Some people around the world are looking at how to grow a cornea in a dish as a replacement tissue for the lack of deceased donors etcetera. We’re taking a slightly different tack in that what we would really like to do is to be able to regenerate the cornea in situ, so, in the eye, in the person who needs the treatment.

“The way we would like to do that is to deliver some stem cells into the cornea and for those stem cells to integrate into the tissue and then regenerate that tissue in the patient themselves requiring no further surgery, hopefully.”

Keratoconus caused the cornea to become very thin and the cornea to develop a cone shape that meant the eye could not work how it was supposed to.

Professor Trevor Sherwin. Supplied / 123rf

The team was also developing potentially groundbreaking eye drops for the condition.

Sherwin said they were a combination of a growth factor and a steroid, and had shown in the lab they could force cells to create a protein not usually made after birth.

It was hoped that, when used with a special type of contact lens, the eyedrops could treat and reshape the cornea.

Again, it would mean people would not need a transplant.

The next step in the work was to go to clinical trials on people.

There were other treatments for keratoconus, but they only stopped or slowed the damage. They could not repair it.

The new methods were known as regenerative medicine.

“What we hope is by regenerative medicine we can restore the tissue and restore the function back that the patient lost as part of whatever event they suffered,” Sherwin said.

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House badly damaged by fire in Wellington’s Karori

Source: Radio New Zealand

The Hildreth Street house has been severely damaged. Bill Hickman / RNZ

A home in the Wellington suburb of Karori has been heavily damaged by fire on Thursday evening.

A woman is being treated for smoke inhalation but a firefighter at the scene on Hildreth Street said all other occupants had been accounted for.

Eight fire trucks responded to the fire. Bill Hickman / RNZ

Central Fire Communications shift manager Chris Dalton said the fire was well involved when firefighters arrived and work to extinguish it was well underway.

Fire and Emergency (FENZ) responded to the fire quickly and there was a truck already in Karori at the time, he said.

Eight vehicles in total responded to the fire, he said.

RNZ understands three people were in the building when it caught fire and were alerted by locals. A neighbour said the fire grew to a huge blaze in under 10 minutes and she rushed outside fearing the flames would spread to her home.

A member of the family who lived at the address said they were trying to get in touch with other family members to find a place to spend the night but their cellphones were still in the smouldering structure. However locals in area were also checking on the family to ensure they had a place to stay.

The firefighters were beginning to leave the scene at about 6.50pm but Hildreth Street remained closed to traffic.

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Black Caps v West Indies second test – day two

Source: Radio New Zealand

Justin Greaves celebrates with Roston Chase after his wicket of Devon Conway on Day 2 of the 2nd cricket test match between New Zealand and West Indies at the Basin Reserve. Andrew Cornaga / www.photosport.nz

The Black Caps and West Indies are locked in a tight tussle in the second cricket test in Wellington.

Having bowled the West Indies out for 205, the Black Caps lost 10 wickets on day two and managed a lead of just 73.

Surviving until stumps on day one, Tom Latham didn’t last long on the second morning, castled by Kemar Roach for 11.

It could have been further success for the Windies, but dropped on 29. Devon Conway went on to bring up a half century from 87 balls.

Kane Williamson joined Conway in the middle and the pair took the total past 100 from, 30 overs before Williamson lost his offstump on 37 to the bowling of Anderson Phillip.

Rachin Ravindra was removed by Kemar Roach for five, with Devon Conway’s luck running out shortly after as Justin Greaves had him strangled down the leg side for 60.

Phillip snagged his second when Daryl Mitchell edged one to Tevin Imlach while Mitch Hay passed 50 in his first test just before the tea break.

However, Hay did not last long after the resumption, caught on the deep square leg boundary by Roach for 61.

Glenn Phillips threw his wicket away with a wild slog off Roston Chase, offering an easy catch for Phillip with Jacob Duffy coming and going for 11.

After Blair Tickner dislocated his shoulder trying to stop a boundary late on Wednesday, the pace bowler was unable to take part on day two as the final pair of Zak Foulkes and Michael Rae chipped in a 16-run partnership before the Black Caps were dismissed for 278 for nine.

In reply, the West Indies lost both John Campbell and Anderson Phillip to find themselves 32 for 2 at stumps, still 41 runs behind.

The series is all square at 0-0 after the dramatic draw in Christchurch.

Play is set to resume at 11am.

Follow the action as it happened on day two:

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Newmarket Business Association calls for government help to deal with crime

Source: Radio New Zealand

Westfield Newmarket in Auckland. File picture. RNZ / Katie Doyle

Two years on from setting up its own security service a popular Auckland shopping precinct says it has slashed crime in its area, but it is appealing to the government for help with some people who are still falling through the cracks.

In the past year the Newmarket security team has recovered more than $170,000 of stolen product, dealt with 88 breaches of tresspass orders and 416 repeat offenders.

One person was involved in dozens of separate incidents.

The most stolen items in order are groceries, followed by clothing and then alcohol.

Newmarket Business Association chief executive Mark Knoff Thomas told Checkpoint there had been some very positive results.

The association initially had one security guard and one part-time camera operator when it started in 2023, but there are now five full-time security guards and one camera operator who are operating 24/7.

Knoff Thomas said they work very closely with the police which had helped considerably.

Three years ago crime in Newmarket was at another level with smash and grabs and ram raids, he said.

Nationally it seemed that a lid had been put on those types of crimes, he said.

“But retail theft is still bubbling away and I mean it’s costing New Zealand $2.6 billion a year.”

The Newmarket Security Team had dealt with 416 repeat offenders in the last year and Knoff Thomas said that was for a range of things including retail theft and anti-social behaviour.

There are about 30 schools in the surrounding area and many students use public transport and pass through Newmarket, he said.

But sometimes young people do make dumb decisions and offend, he said.

A different approach was taken to juvenile offending and the association did what it could to try and get them back on track, he said.

“With kids we try and intervene where we possibly can, try and get parents involved, try and get schools involved and see if we can kind of head them off in a different, in a more positive trajectory with some success.

“And there are some kids who you know they also go down the bad pathway and then we see them back years later as adults and they’re still reoffending.”

Some adults seemed to be falling through the cracks and not getting the support they needed despite some very good work by some agencies such as the New Zealand police, he said.

His group had been working with a range of other business associations to try and address the problem, he said.

“Trying to say ‘hey let’s fix this because this has been a problem for a very long time across multiple governments and we need to find a sustainable solution which is going to deliver some better lifestyles for these people who aren’t getting the help that they need.’”

One person who Knoff Thomas believed was falling through the cracks had been involved in 33 incidents.

Most of the time they were a lovely person but there were times when they behaved inappropriately in public when under the influence of alcohol or drugs, he said.

The person was in a cycle of being trespassed, arrested, processed and then released, he said.

“There really doesn’t seem to be a solution for someone like this person to give that person the help that they actually need in a sustainable way so they can actually have a better quality of life.”

A number of people were in that position and unable to access services they needed, he said.

Knoff Thomas said it was understandable that businesses would want to move on someone who was creating problems and potentially detering customers.

But the other side was where that person should go.

“These are questions which we’re looking at. There needs to be a linked together multi agency approach where services work in step and they’re not working in silos which they have done historically, they’re working together in unison and linking, holding hands, pulling this person through the steps that they need into a solution.”

Major issues include housing, mental health, health and may need to involve Ministry of Social Development and police, he said.

Long term solutions are needed when dealing with this type of reoffending and it needed bi-partisan agreement in government, he said.

“It needs to be coordinated and agreed upon, a multi agency approach which goes through time and not just through one political cycle.”

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– Published by EveningReport.nz and AsiaPacificReport.nz, see: MIL OSI in partnership with Radio New Zealand

High meth levels in water lead to Mongrel Mob arrests

Source: Radio New Zealand

RNZ / Nate McKinnon

Two gang members and an associate have been arrested in Hawke’s Bay following a six- month investigation into high levels of methamphetamine in wastewater.

Police executed five search warrants across the region and Hastings on Wednesday as part of Operation Tukutuki.

They found a quantity of methamphetamine, cash, a 3D-printed firearm and stolen property.

Detective Inspector James Keene said wastewater testing showed meth had an increasingly strong grip on parts of Hawke’s Bay.

“The element of surprise is vital, especially when organised crime networks are involved, so we went hard and early.

“Several warrants were executed simultaneously to reduce the people in this network tipping others off.

“We’re continuing to investigate, and we expect to lay more charges against the people who have been arrested.”

Three men, aged 39, 42 and 57 – two of which were patched Mongrel Mob members and the other an associate – appeared in the Hastings District Court on Wednesday, facing multiple charges of possession for supply, supply and conspiracy to supply methamphetamine and cannabis.

Keene said it was believed local gangs were pumping the drug into the area and were not worried about the damage they were inflicting.

The operation took six months, police said, not ruling out further arrests.

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– Published by EveningReport.nz and AsiaPacificReport.nz, see: MIL OSI in partnership with Radio New Zealand